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Chemical Compound Review:

Antho-rfamide (2S)-N-[[(1S)-1-[[(1S)-1- aminocarbonyl-2...

Synonyms: AC1MIW33, Pglu-gly-arg-phe-NH2, Pglu-gly-arg-phe-amide

Tremblay, M.E. et al., Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J. et al., Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J. et al., Anctil, M. et al., Westfall, J.A. et al., et al.

Westfall, Landers, McCallum,

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Disease relevance of Antho-rfamide

An Antho-RFamide-labeled ganglion cell and three different neurites were observed adjacent to spirocytes, but no neuro-spirocyte synapses were present [1].
1. Antho-RFamide (pGlu-Gly-Arg-Phe-amide), a neuropeptide recently isolated from the sea pansy Renilla köllikeri induced sustained (tonic) contractions in the rachis and peduncle of the colony, and in the individual autozooid polyps [2].

High impact information on Antho-rfamide

Effects of three anthozoan neuropeptides, Antho-RWamide I, Antho-RWamide II and Antho-RFamide, on slow muscles from sea anemones [3].
The actin-binding toxin phalloidin substantially reduced the incidence of Antho-RFamide-induced exfoliation and phalloidin-FITC staining was localized in the muscle feet of follicle epithelial cells [4].
Antho-RFamide, a neuropeptide found in ciliated neurons within follicle epithelia, induced the exfoliation of the follicle epithelium from spawned follicles [4].
Using a radioimmunoassay for RFamide, three such peptides were isolated from the sea anemone Anthopleura elegantissisma and sequenced: less than Glu-Gly-Arg-Phe-NH2 (Antho-RFamide), less than Glu-Ser-Leu-Arg-Trp-NH2 (Antho-RWamide I) and less than Glu-Gly-Leu-Arg-Trp-NH2 (Antho-RWamide II) [5].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Antho-rfamide

Using synthetic Antho-RFamide as a standard in our radioimmunoassay, we measured high concentrations (3.2 nmol/g wet weight) of this peptide in extracts of Anthopleura [6].
Comparison of synthetic and natural Antho-RFamide and their enzymatic breakdown products on six different HPLC columns confirmed the structure of the sea anemone peptide [6].

References

Ultrastructure of neuro-spirocyte synapses in the sea anemone Aiptasia pallida (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Zoantharia). Westfall, J.A., Landers, D.D., McCallum, J.D. J. Morphol. (1999) [Pubmed]
Excitatory action of the native neuropeptide antho-rfamide on muscles in the pennatulid Renilla köllikeri. Anctil, M., Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J. Gen. Pharmacol. (1989) [Pubmed]
Effects of three anthozoan neuropeptides, Antho-RWamide I, Antho-RWamide II and Antho-RFamide, on slow muscles from sea anemones. McFarlane, I.D., Anderson, P.A., Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J. J. Exp. Biol. (1991) [Pubmed]
Spawning and gamete follicle rupture in the cnidarian Renilla koellikeri: effects of putative neurohormones. Tremblay, M.E., Henry, J., Anctil, M. Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. (2004) [Pubmed]
Neurones and neuropeptides in coelenterates. Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J., Graff, D., McFarlane, I.D. Arch. Histol. Cytol. (1989) [Pubmed]
Isolation of pyroGlu-Gly-Arg-Phe-NH2 (Antho-RFamide), a neuropeptide from sea anemones. Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J., Graff, D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1986) [Pubmed]

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