Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Chemical Compound Review:

Microcystin YR (5R,8S,11R,12S,15S,18R,19S,22R )-15-[3...

Synonyms: AC1O5MZH, LS-182803, C19997, 101064-48-6, Cyanoginosin-YR, ...

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High impact information on Cyanoginosin-YR

Microinjection of microcystin YR into primary human fibroblasts induced morphological changes which were induced by incubation with okadaic acid [1].
Analysis of the field bloom extract by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry demonstrated the presence of four variants of microcystins: microcystin-LR (MCYST-LR), microcystin-YR (MCYST-YR), microcystin-RR (MCYST-RR), and a demethylated variant of MCYST-LR (D-MCYST-LR) [2].
In addition, microcystin-RR and microcystin-YR, principal MCs found in environmental water, were cross-reacted well (67-111% of MCLR) in the ELISA although 6(Z)-MCLR, a minor component, was less reactive (7% of MCLR) [3].
A micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method with UV detection is described for the rapid and efficient separation of three microcystins: microcystin-YR (MCYST-YR), microcystin-LR (MCYST-LR) and microcystin-RR (MCYST-RR) [4].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Cyanoginosin-YR

Comparison of victims' symptoms and pathology using animal studies of these two cyanotoxins leads us to conclude that the major contributing factor to death of the dialyses patients was intravenous exposure to microcystins, specifically microcystin-YR, -LR, and -AR [5].
HPLC analysis for heptotoxic extracts revealed that these extracts contained two peaks corresponding to microcystin-YR and -LR with different proportions [6].

References

In vitro and in vivo effects of protein phosphatase inhibitors, microcystins and nodularin, on mouse skin and fibroblasts. Matsushima, R., Yoshizawa, S., Watanabe, M.F., Harada, K., Furusawa, M., Carmichael, W.W., Fujiki, H. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (1990) [Pubmed]
First report of a microcystin-containing bloom of the cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. in Lake Oubeira, eastern Algeria. Nasri, A.B., Bouaïcha, N., Fastner, J. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. (2004) [Pubmed]
Anti-idiotype monoclonal antibodies against anti-microcystin antibody and their use in enzyme immunoassay. Tsutsumi, T., Nagata, S., Yoshida, F., Ueno, Y. Toxicon (1998) [Pubmed]
Detection of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) in cell extracts by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Bouaïcha, N., Rivasseau, C., Hennion, M.C., Sandra, P. J. Chromatogr. B, Biomed. Appl. (1996) [Pubmed]
Human fatalities from cyanobacteria: chemical and biological evidence for cyanotoxins. Carmichael, W.W., Azevedo, S.M., An, J.S., Molica, R.J., Jochimsen, E.M., Lau, S., Rinehart, K.L., Shaw, G.R., Eaglesham, G.K. Environ. Health Perspect. (2001) [Pubmed]
Microcystin production in benthic mats of cyanobacteria in the Nile River and irrigation canals, Egypt. Mohamed, Z.A., El-Sharouny, H.M., Ali, W.S. Toxicon (2006) [Pubmed]

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