The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.

wikigene or wiki gene protein drug chemical gene disease author authorship tracking collaborative publishing evolutionary knowledge reputation system wiki2.0 global collaboration genes proteins drugs chemicals diseases compound
Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
MeSH Review

Microinjections

 
 
Welcome! If you are familiar with the subject of this article, you can contribute to this open access knowledge base by deleting incorrect information, restructuring or completely rewriting any text. Read more.
 

Disease relevance of Microinjections

 

Psychiatry related information on Microinjections

 

High impact information on Microinjections

 

Chemical compound and disease context of Microinjections

 

Biological context of Microinjections

 

Anatomical context of Microinjections

 

Associations of Microinjections with chemical compounds

  • Expression of cDNA constructs and microinjection of PLC or antibodies against it clearly establish a role for PtdIns signaling distinct from its role in calcium mobilization and protein kinase C activation [31].
  • Local application of the GABA agonist muscimol prevents the appearance of seizures on subsequent microinjection of all convulsant agents examined, whereas local application of the muscarinic antagonist, atropine, only prevents seizures induced by carbachol [32].
  • As microinjection of antibodies against p21ras can block the biological effects of both normal and oncogenic tyrosine kinases, it is likely that they require functional p21ras to transmit their mitogenic signals [33].
  • Global perturbation of the extracellular matrix by microinjection of Arg-Gly-Asp peptides or heparinase into the blastocoel resulted in global randomization of left-right asymmetries [34].
  • Blockade of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor function by direct microinjection of bicuculline into the nucleus ambiguous in cats produced a marked increase in gastric motility which was mediated by the vagus nerve [35].
 

Gene context of Microinjections

  • To examine whether GRB2 is also a component of ras signaling in mammalian cells, microinjection studies were performed [36].
  • Expression of a dominant negative form of Spred and Spred-antibody microinjection revealed that endogenous Spred regulates differentiation in these types of cells [37].
  • Furthermore, microinjection of dominant negative forms of Rac and Cdc42 or of the Rho inhibitor C3 transferase blocked serum-induced DNA synthesis [38].
  • Here we performed microinjection and transfection experiments using rat R12 fibroblasts, their derivatives conditionally overexpressing cyclins D1 or E, and human U-2-OS cells, to explore the action of G1 cyclins and the relationship of E2F and cyclin E in S-phase induction [39].
  • Lastly, a significant decrease in anti-IgM-mediated apoptosis was seen upon downregulation of endogenous p53 activity by expression of a dominant-negative p53 protein or upon microinjection of an antisense p21 expression vector or antibody [40].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Microinjections

References

  1. Activation of store-operated Ca2+ current in Xenopus oocytes requires SNAP-25 but not a diffusible messenger. Yao, Y., Ferrer-Montiel, A.V., Montal, M., Tsien, R.Y. Cell (1999) [Pubmed]
  2. Retroviruses and embryogenesis: microinjection of Moloney leukemia virus into midgestation mouse embryos. Jaenisch, R. Cell (1980) [Pubmed]
  3. Substantia nigra: site of anticonvulsant activity mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid. Iadarola, M.J., Gale, K. Science (1982) [Pubmed]
  4. Inhibition of gastric acid secretion by stress: a protective reflex mediated by cerebral nitric oxide. Esplugues, J.V., Barrachina, M.D., Beltrán, B., Calatayud, S., Whittle, B.J., Moncada, S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1996) [Pubmed]
  5. Transient complementation of xeroderma pigmentosum cells by microinjection of poly(A)+ RNA. Legerski, R.J., Brown, D.B., Peterson, C.A., Robberson, D.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1984) [Pubmed]
  6. Serotonin at the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus suppresses rapid-eye-movement sleep in freely behaving rats. Horner, R.L., Sanford, L.D., Annis, D., Pack, A.I., Morrison, A.R. J. Neurosci. (1997) [Pubmed]
  7. Repeated cocaine augments excitatory amino acid transmission in the nucleus accumbens only in rats having developed behavioral sensitization. Pierce, R.C., Bell, K., Duffy, P., Kalivas, P.W. J. Neurosci. (1996) [Pubmed]
  8. D1 receptor modulation of hippocampal-prefrontal cortical circuits integrating spatial memory with executive functions in the rat. Seamans, J.K., Floresco, S.B., Phillips, A.G. J. Neurosci. (1998) [Pubmed]
  9. Expression of the cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) in hippocampus produces an antidepressant effect. Chen, A.C., Shirayama, Y., Shin, K.H., Neve, R.L., Duman, R.S. Biol. Psychiatry (2001) [Pubmed]
  10. GABAergic modulation of descending inhibitory systems from the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM). Dose-response analysis of nociception and neurological deficits. Gilbert, A.K., Franklin, K.B. Pain (2001) [Pubmed]
  11. Fragmentation and dispersal of the pericentriolar Golgi complex is required for entry into mitosis in mammalian cells. Sütterlin, C., Hsu, P., Mallabiabarrena, A., Malhotra, V. Cell (2002) [Pubmed]
  12. Xenopus Mad proteins transduce distinct subsets of signals for the TGF beta superfamily. Graff, J.M., Bansal, A., Melton, D.A. Cell (1996) [Pubmed]
  13. p19Skp1 and p45Skp2 are essential elements of the cyclin A-CDK2 S phase kinase. Zhang, H., Kobayashi, R., Galaktionov, K., Beach, D. Cell (1995) [Pubmed]
  14. The small GTP-binding protein Rho regulates a phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase in mammalian cells. Chong, L.D., Traynor-Kaplan, A., Bokoch, G.M., Schwartz, M.A. Cell (1994) [Pubmed]
  15. Xenopus chordin: a novel dorsalizing factor activated by organizer-specific homeobox genes. Sasai, Y., Lu, B., Steinbeisser, H., Geissert, D., Gont, L.K., De Robertis, E.M. Cell (1994) [Pubmed]
  16. Simultaneous pontine and basal forebrain microinjections of carbachol suppress REM sleep. Baghdoyan, H.A., Spotts, J.L., Snyder, S.G. J. Neurosci. (1993) [Pubmed]
  17. Hyperalgesia during acute opioid abstinence: evidence for a nociceptive facilitating function of the rostral ventromedial medulla. Kaplan, H., Fields, H.L. J. Neurosci. (1991) [Pubmed]
  18. Neocortical spreading depression provokes the expression of c-fos protein-like immunoreactivity within trigeminal nucleus caudalis via trigeminovascular mechanisms. Moskowitz, M.A., Nozaki, K., Kraig, R.P. J. Neurosci. (1993) [Pubmed]
  19. Insulin and insulin-like growth factor I receptors utilize different G protein signaling components. Dalle, S., Ricketts, W., Imamura, T., Vollenweider, P., Olefsky, J.M. J. Biol. Chem. (2001) [Pubmed]
  20. Prostaglandins and hypothalamic neurotransmitter receptors involved in hyperthermia: a critical evaluation. Simpson, C.W., Ruwe, W.D., Myers, R.D. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews. (1994) [Pubmed]
  21. Differential regulation of metallothionein-thymidine kinase fusion genes in transgenic mice and their offspring. Palmiter, R.D., Chen, H.Y., Brinster, R.L. Cell (1982) [Pubmed]
  22. Cell lineage ablation in transgenic mice by cell-specific expression of a toxin gene. Palmiter, R.D., Behringer, R.R., Quaife, C.J., Maxwell, F., Maxwell, I.H., Brinster, R.L. Cell (1987) [Pubmed]
  23. Enhancement of mRNA nuclear transport by promoter elements. de la Peña, P., Zasloff, M. Cell (1987) [Pubmed]
  24. Suppression of Raf-1 kinase activity and MAP kinase signalling by RKIP. Yeung, K., Seitz, T., Li, S., Janosch, P., McFerran, B., Kaiser, C., Fee, F., Katsanakis, K.D., Rose, D.W., Mischak, H., Sedivy, J.M., Kolch, W. Nature (1999) [Pubmed]
  25. c-Myc-induced sensitization to apoptosis is mediated through cytochrome c release. Juin, P., Hueber, A.O., Littlewood, T., Evan, G. Genes Dev. (1999) [Pubmed]
  26. The small GTP-binding protein rac regulates growth factor-induced membrane ruffling. Ridley, A.J., Paterson, H.F., Johnston, C.L., Diekmann, D., Hall, A. Cell (1992) [Pubmed]
  27. Tissue-specific expression of the rat pancreatic elastase I gene in transgenic mice. Swift, G.H., Hammer, R.E., MacDonald, R.J., Brinster, R.L. Cell (1984) [Pubmed]
  28. High-affinity interaction of vinculin with actin filaments in vitro. Wilkins, J.A., Lin, S. Cell (1982) [Pubmed]
  29. Decreased uptake and retention of rhodamine 123 by mitochondria in feline sarcoma virus-transformed mink cells. Johnson, L.V., Summerhayes, I.C., Chen, L.B. Cell (1982) [Pubmed]
  30. Ectopic mesoderm formation in Xenopus embryos caused by widespread expression of a Brachyury homologue. Cunliffe, V., Smith, J.C. Nature (1992) [Pubmed]
  31. Recent insights in phosphatidylinositol signaling. Majerus, P.W., Ross, T.S., Cunningham, T.W., Caldwell, K.K., Jefferson, A.B., Bansal, V.S. Cell (1990) [Pubmed]
  32. A crucial epileptogenic site in the deep prepiriform cortex. Piredda, S., Gale, K. Nature (1985) [Pubmed]
  33. Phosphorylation of GAP and GAP-associated proteins by transforming and mitogenic tyrosine kinases. Ellis, C., Moran, M., McCormick, F., Pawson, T. Nature (1990) [Pubmed]
  34. Regulation of vertebrate left-right asymmetries by extracellular matrix. Yost, H.J. Nature (1992) [Pubmed]
  35. Hindbrain GABA receptors influence parasympathetic outflow to the stomach. Williford, D.J., Ormsbee, H.S., Norman, W., Harmon, J.W., Garvey, T.Q., DiMicco, J.A., Gillis, R.A. Science (1981) [Pubmed]
  36. The SH2 and SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2 links receptor tyrosine kinases to ras signaling. Lowenstein, E.J., Daly, R.J., Batzer, A.G., Li, W., Margolis, B., Lammers, R., Ullrich, A., Skolnik, E.Y., Bar-Sagi, D., Schlessinger, J. Cell (1992) [Pubmed]
  37. Spred is a Sprouty-related suppressor of Ras signalling. Wakioka, T., Sasaki, A., Kato, R., Shouda, T., Matsumoto, A., Miyoshi, K., Tsuneoka, M., Komiya, S., Baron, R., Yoshimura, A. Nature (2001) [Pubmed]
  38. An essential role for Rho, Rac, and Cdc42 GTPases in cell cycle progression through G1. Olson, M.F., Ashworth, A., Hall, A. Science (1995) [Pubmed]
  39. Cyclin E-induced S phase without activation of the pRb/E2F pathway. Lukas, J., Herzinger, T., Hansen, K., Moroni, M.C., Resnitzky, D., Helin, K., Reed, S.I., Bartek, J. Genes Dev. (1997) [Pubmed]
  40. Roles of the tumor suppressor p53 and the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21WAF1/CIP1 in receptor-mediated apoptosis of WEHI 231 B lymphoma cells. Wu, M., Bellas, R.E., Shen, J., Sonenshein, G.E. J. Exp. Med. (1998) [Pubmed]
  41. Role of ouabain-like compound in the rostral ventrolateral medulla in rats. Teruya, H., Yamazato, M., Muratani, H., Sakima, A., Takishita, S., Terano, Y., Fukiyama, K. J. Clin. Invest. (1997) [Pubmed]
  42. Medullary sites of action of the TRH analogue, RX 77368, for stimulation of gastric acid secretion in the rat. Ishikawa, T., Yang, H., Taché, Y. Gastroenterology (1988) [Pubmed]
  43. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-induced calcium release in the organelle layers of the stratified, intact egg of Xenopus laevis. Han, J.K., Nuccitelli, R. J. Cell Biol. (1990) [Pubmed]
  44. Human cyclin A is required for mitosis until mid prophase. Furuno, N., den Elzen, N., Pines, J. J. Cell Biol. (1999) [Pubmed]
  45. Microtubule dynamics in vivo: a test of mechanisms of turnover. Sammak, P.J., Gorbsky, G.J., Borisy, G.G. J. Cell Biol. (1987) [Pubmed]
 
WikiGenes - Universities