Disease relevance of Dialysis

• Parathyroid function was assessed by inducing hypo- and hypercalcemia with low calcium (1.0 mEq/liter) and high calcium (4.0 mEq/liter) dialyses before and after ten weeks of intravenous calcitriol therapy [1].
• To delineate the effect of uremia on any interaction between GH and protein intake, tests were performed before dialysis, after daily dialyses for 3-4 days and after withholding dialysis for 3-4 days [2].
• Secretion of growth hormone after L-dopa stimulation in patients with renal failure treated with dialyses [3].
• The possible benefits of LMW heparin (reduced frequency of bleeding, alleviation of hypertriglyceridemia) were not, however, apparent, possibly because of the short observation period and the low incidence of hemorrhagic complications in routine dialyses [4].
• The 4-year experience in the clinical usage of titanium nails in making internal fistula for hemodialysis in 428 cases (17,829 dialyses) is reported [5].

High impact information on Dialysis

• During 29 dialyses in 29 patients from three centers, the paired analysis of urea removed, as estimated by the dialysate monitor compared with the total dialysate collection, showed no significant difference (14.7 +/- 4.7 g versus 14.8 +/- 5.1 g) [6].
• After changes in the preparation and use of heparin were instituted on December 4, 1978, no pyrogenic reactions occurred in more than 400 subsequent dialyses [7].
• Double equilibrium dialyses demonstrated that 18-OH-B, aldo, and cortisol compete for binding sites on transcortin [8].
• METHODS: During three to four baseline dialyses in each of 39 patients enrolled in the pilot phase of the HEMO Study, "A" was measured using an instrument that sampled dialysate frequently (Biostat), and V was calculated from A, C0, and Ceq (median CV for V = 5.6%) [9].
• The initial dialysis (HD1) was performed with a low flux polysulfone dialyzer, the following dialyses (up to HD6) with a high flux polysulfone dialyzer and regular heparin [10].

Biological context of Dialysis

• When blood-side measurements during the same dialyses were analyzed with a single-compartment, variable-volume model of urea kinetics, Kt/V was consistently overestimated (1.49 +/- 0.29/dialysis, P < 0.001), most likely because of failure to consider urea disequilibrium [6].
• (6) ARF was then revealed as a wasting disease complicated by infections, poor wound healing until diuresis occurred, anemia and bleeding, and hypertension during dialyses and in early diuresis [11].

Anatomical context of Dialysis

• Peritoneal fluid and mass transfer rates were studied in rabbits undergoing control dialyses and dialyses with intraperitoneal histamine, or its receptor antagonists alone or in combination [12].
• In first-use dialyses, no relation could be found between changes in leukocyte counts and the evolution of beta 2M levels [13].
• HD using PAN membranes were associated with a lower C3a, C3d and C5a generation and fewer dialyses generating these products [14].

Associations of Dialysis with chemical compounds

• Eight men undergoing maintenance hemodialysis were each studied during two dialyses using glucose-free dialysate [15].
• In a cross-over study with random assignment order eight adults underwent mid-week dialyses with ACD (0.113 mol/L citrate) and TSC (1.6 mol/L citrate) regional citrate anticoagulation [16].
• C3a concentrations (microgram/mL) in the arterial and venous blood lines were significantly higher during cuprophan dialysis compared with hemophan and polyamide dialyses (P < 0.001) [17].
• Comparison of victims' symptoms and pathology using animal studies of these two cyanotoxins leads us to conclude that the major contributing factor to death of the dialyses patients was intravenous exposure to microcystins, specifically microcystin-YR, -LR, and -AR [18].
• With continued dialyses, without (2)H(2)O replacement, alanine from albumin enrichment gradually declined, whereas free alanine and water enrichments were negligible [19].

Gene context of Dialysis

• Six patients had detectable pre-dialysis serum levels of IL1-B (greater than 20 pg/ml) at least once, and 2 had detectable levels prior to all dialyses [20].
• Five patients had detectable pre-dialysis serum levels of TNF alpha (greater than 40 pg/ml) at least once and 2 had detectable levels prior to all dialyses [20].
• The increase in concentration of ANP in plasma between dialyses, at a time when many patients are susceptible to sodium and water overload, and its return towards normal after dialysis supports the putative role of ANP as a circulating factor released in response to sodium and water accumulation [21].
• Micro-organisms originating from the dialysate compartment invaded the blood compartment of ' Rhodial RP6 ' haemodialysers in 16 out of 639 dialyses investigated (2.5 per cent) [22].
• The determination of the TAT complex concentration enabled a heparinization better adapted to the clinical situation of intensive-care patients undergoing acute dialyses, so that the coagulation system was not additionally activated by the extracorporeal circulation [23].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Dialysis

• During control (1.5% dextrose) dialyses osmotic ultrafiltration was 0.28 mg/kg/min, the clearance of potassium was 0.98, urea 0.54, phosphate 0.32, and dextrose (reverse) 0.21 ml/kg/min [24].
• Protein catabolic rate (PCR, in g protein/kg/day) for anuric patients can be accurately determined without blood sampling by equating urea generation over 7 days to the urea dialyzed in the three dialyses of this period as measured by partial dialysate collection (PDC) or with a urea monitor [25].
• The investigation was made with 5 patients on long-term peritoneal dialysis once a week, first for 5 weeks with dialysis solution containing acetate and then, correspondingly, 5 dialyses with peritoneal solution containing lactate [26].

References