Disease relevance of Tylactone

• To examine the ability of the mycaminosyltransferase TylM2 from Streptomyces fradiae to utilise a different amino sugar, tylM2 was integrated into S. erythraea SGT2, and the resulting strain was fed with the 16-membered aglycone tylactone, the normal TylM2 substrate [1].

High impact information on Tylactone

• Washed cells from 72-h cultures of Streptomyces fradiae GS14 were used to examine the distribution of radiolabel from 14C-amino acids and related compounds into tylactone, CO2, and cells [2].
• Tylosin is produced by Streptomyces fradiae via a combination of polyketide metabolism and synthesis of three deoxyhexose sugars, of which mycaminose is the first to be added to the polyketide aglycone, tylactone (protylonolide) [3].
• In addition, a small amount of desosamine-glycosylated tylactone was detected from the extract of the mutant strain, revealing that the native glycosyltransferase DesVII displayed relaxed substrate specificity in accepting the 16-membered ring macrolactone to produce the glycosylated tylactone [4].
• Labelled sodium isobutyrate [(CD3)2-CHCOONa] was added to the culture medium of Streptomyces fradiae and up to 14 atoms of deuterium were found to be incorporated into a molecule of tylosin aglycone (tylactone) [5].
• A resting cell system was used to study the sites of inhibition by NH4+ of protylonolide biosynthesis by a blocked mutant, strain 261, of Streptomyces fradiae [6].

Associations of Tylactone with other chemical compounds

• X-ray crystallography of protylonolide and absolute configuration of tylosin [7].
• The relative configurations of mycarose and tylactone (protylonolide) have been determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis [8].
• The activity of the enzyme, which catalyzes the formation of the precursor of tylosin, protylonolide, was 0.19 U/mg protein in 5 days of culture in rapeseed oil medium, which was 2.5- and 1.3-fold that with the glucose or starch medium, respectively [9].

References