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Gene Review:

Defa-rs1 - defensin, alpha, related sequence 1

Mus musculus

Synonyms: 2010300L12Rik, 2010319H24Rik, Alpha-defensin-related sequence 1, CRS1C, CRS1C-2, ...

Ouellette, A.J. et al., Lin, M.Y. et al.

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High impact information on Defcr-rs1

Unlike cryptdin, however, the proposed CRS1C and CRS4C mature peptide regions lack the structural motif characteristic of defensins [1].
Attempts to find homologies between the putative CRS peptides and existing protein sequences have been unsuccessful, leading us to speculate that CRS1C and CRS4C represent a new family of nondefensin antimicrobial peptides in the mouse small bowel [1].
Cryptdin and CRS1C mRNAs are not detectable in adult mouse bone marrow, but probes specific for the 5'- or the 3'-untranslated regions of CRS4C mRNA hybridize to a moderately abundant 1.05-kilobase bone marrow mRNA in contrast to a highly abundant 0.75-kilobase mRNA in small intestine [1].
The deduced CRS1C and CRS4C polypeptides are apparent precursors of secreted, cationic, proline- and cysteine-rich peptides that contain Cys-Pro-X repeats [1].
Thus, both the Defcr-rs1 and the Defcr genes are expressed in Paneth cells and both are genetically inseparable within 1.58 cM on Chromosome 8 [2].

Biological context of Defcr-rs1

The site of defensin-related CRS1C gene expression in mouse small bowel and the chromosomal location of the CRS1C locus, Defcr-rs1, have been determined [2].
Cryptdin, CRS1C, and CRS4C mRNAs are transcribed from separate genes, occur at equivalent abundance in small intestine, and appear in the small bowel in concert during the 2nd and 3rd weeks postpartum [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Defcr-rs1

Using sequence-specific probes, CRS1C mRNA was detected in Paneth cells at the base of intestinal crypts by in situ hybridization [2].
Southern blot analysis of genomic DNAs from inbred and recombinant inbred (RI) mouse strains, also conducted with probes specific for CRS1C, showed that the CRS1C locus maps to the proximal region of Chromosome 8 [2].

References

A novel mouse gene family coding for cationic, cysteine-rich peptides. Regulation in small intestine and cells of myeloid origin. Ouellette, A.J., Lualdi, J.C. J. Biol. Chem. (1990) [Pubmed]
The defensin-related murine CRS1C gene: expression in Paneth cells and linkage to Defcr, the cryptdin locus. Lin, M.Y., Munshi, I.A., Ouellette, A.J. Genomics (1992) [Pubmed]

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