Disease relevance of Bone Marrow

• To determine the relation between the serum cyclosporine concentration and the risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), we studied 179 recipients of bone marrow grafts from HLA-identical sibling donors who received prophylaxis with cyclosporine, either by itself or combined with methotrexate [1].
• We assessed the influence of cytokeratin-positive micrometastases in the bone marrow on the prognosis of women with breast cancer [2].
• However, rearrangements were detected in Abelson murine leukemia virus-transformed bone marrow cells and in spontaneous thymic lymphomas from C.B-17scid mice [3].
• These results suggest that activated suppressor lymphocytes producing interferon have a role in the pathogenesis of bone-marrow failure, and indicate the usefulness of defined lymphokine and phenotypic markers in the study of aplastic anemia [4].
• Fanconi anemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disease with diverse clinical symptoms including developmental anomalies, bone marrow failure and early occurrence of malignancies [5].

Psychiatry related information on Bone Marrow

• Hepatic venoocclusive disease (HVOD) in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is attributed to toxicity of cytoreductive agents, especially busulfan and cyclophosphamide, in the conditioning therapy [6].
• HHM is structurally related to the Id family and was highly expressed in brain, pituitary gland, lung, heart, placenta, fetal liver, and bone marrow [7].
• Insidious loss of visual acuity and simultaneous onset of complex visual hallucinations were observed in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who had recently received bone marrow transplantation and was being treated with prednisone and cyclosporine to suppress graft-v-host disease [8].
• BACKGROUND: Chronic alcohol consumption may influence the metabolism of adipocytes, the most abundant stromal cell phenotype in bone marrow, and promote bone marrow triglyceride accretion [9].
• Dose- and time-response relationships of triethylenemelamine-induced chromosomal aberrations in rat bone marrow cells [10].

High impact information on Bone Marrow

• In a number of allogeneic transplant models (heart, skin, bone marrow) anti-CD4 (+/- CD8) antibodies can be shown to block the rejection process while selectively promoting the development of CD4+ regulatory T cells responsible for a dominant tolerance that is reflected in findings of linked suppression and infectious tolerance [11].
• The dramatic reversal of EBV-driven lymphoproliferations in bone marrow transplant patients following CTL infusion demonstrates the potential of this approach, and here we discuss prospects for its extension to other EBV-positive tumors in which the immunodominant EBNA3A, 3B, 3C proteins are not expressed [12].
• Membrane-bound expression of an Ig-like complex of microH chains and surrogate L chains appears to be needed to generate the 50-70 million pre B-II cells in bone marrow [13].
• The initial protocols were aimed at the correction of peripheral blood T lymphocytes, but recent strategies are attempting ADA gene transfer into peripheral blood or bone marrow stem cells [14].
• Both CSF-1 and GM-CSF are responsible for transition of cells of the M phi lineage from bone marrow to blood, and from blood to tissues, and have a critical extramedullary role [15].

Chemical compound and disease context of Bone Marrow

• We investigated whether allergen-specific IgE-mediated hypersensitivity is transferred by bone marrow transplantation [16].
• A randomized, controlled trial of prophylactic ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus pulmonary infection in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants; The City of Hope-Stanford-Syntex CMV Study Group [17].
• Serum lactate dehydrogenase and bone marrow involvement in small-cell carcinoma of the lung [18].
• Antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor in hematologic disorders: implications for the development of myasthenia gravis after bone marrow grafting [19].
• This immunotoxin was used to treat a patient with severe grade III-IV, steroid-resistant, acute graft-vs-host disease (GvHD) after an allogeneic, human leukocyte antigen-identical bone marrow transplant for acute myelogenous leukemia [20].

Biological context of Bone Marrow

• SOCS3-deficient fetal liver stem cells can reconstitute hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated adults, indicating that its absence does not disturb bone marrow erythropoiesis [21].
• The enzyme deficiency did not impair the successful establishment of normal humoral and cellular immunity by transplants of bone-marrow cells from siblings who were either normal or heterozygous for adenosine deaminase deficiency [22].
• The bone marrow of these mice contains a population of cells of Pax5-/- origin with the same phenotype as the donor pro-B cells [23].
• Defects of B-cell lymphopoiesis and bone-marrow myelopoiesis in mice lacking the CXC chemokine PBSF/SDF-1 [24].
• We postulate that the drug resistance is induced by the attachment of very late antigen (VLA)-4 on leukemic cells to fibronectin on bone-marrow stromal cells [25].

Anatomical context of Bone Marrow

• The human ADA has also been introduced and expressed in the primitive human hematopoietic progenitor cells that initiate long-term bone marrow culture [14].
• The expression of Vpre-B/lambda 5 surrogate light chain in early bone marrow precursor B cells of normal and B cell-deficient mutant mice [26].
• Varying numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes (0.5 to 6 X 10(5) cells) were cocultured with 6 X 10(5) normal bone-marrow cells in the presence of 2 IU of erythropoietin for seven days [27].
• BACKGROUND: In recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic-cell transplants, peripheral-blood cells mobilized with the use of filgrastim (recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) engraft more rapidly than bone marrow [28].
• Production and response to endogenous IFN are also detected when bone marrow precursor cells differentiate to macrophages after exposure to colony stimulating factor 1 [29].

Associations of Bone Marrow with chemical compounds

• We have identified a novel growth factor, stem cell factor (SCF), for primitive hematopoietic progenitors based on its activity on bone marrow cells derived from mice treated with 5-fluorouracil [30].
• We conducted a randomized, multicenter trial in 84 patients not eligible for bone marrow transplantation, comparing treatment with antilymphocyte globulin and methylprednisolone (41 patients--the control group) with antilymphocyte globulin, methylprednisolone, and cyclosporine (43 patients--the cyclosporine group) [31].
• A conditional v-Rel estrogen receptor fusion protein, v-RelER, causes estrogen-dependent but otherwise unaltered v-rel-specific transformation of chicken bone marrow cells [32].
• Bone-marrow depression with cimetidine plus carmustine [33].
• We conducted a controlled trial of ganciclovir in recipients of bone marrow transplants who had asymptomatic pulmonary CMV infection [17].

Gene context of Bone Marrow

• Fanconi anaemia (FA) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with diverse developmental abnormalities, bone-marrow failure and predisposition to cancer [34].
• E2A-PBX1 also markedly altered lymphoid development in pretumorous animals, reducing the number of thymocytes and bone marrow B lineage progenitors to 20% of normal levels [35].
• We have generated Gfi1-deficient mice (Gfi1-/-) and show that these animals are severely neutropenic and accumulate immature monocytic cells in blood and bone marrow [36].
• Transplantation of wild-type bone marrow rescued the impaired angiogenesis and collateral growth in Pgf-/- mice, indicating that PlGF might have contributed to vessel growth in the adult by mobilizing bone-marrow-derived cells [37].
• Re-expression of TSP-1 and TSP-2 in mice transplanted with wild-type bone marrow corrected the angiogenic abnormalities in Akt1(-/-) mice [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Bone Marrow

• Patients with an HLA-identical sibling were assigned to undergo allogeneic bone marrow transplantation; the others were randomly assigned to undergo autologous bone marrow transplantation (with unpurged bone marrow) or a second course of intensive chemotherapy, combining high-dose cytarabine and daunorubicin [39].
• Virus was readily isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes and bone marrow cells of these animals before starting treatment with soluble CD4, but became difficult to isolate soon after treatment had begun [40].
• Cyclosporin A, a cyclic peptide, has found widespread clinical use in the prevention of graft rejection following bone marrow and organ transplantation [41].
• HA-1 allele typing of donor and recipient should improve donor selection and allow the determination of bone marrow transplantation recipients with high risk for HA-1-induced GvHD development [42].
• As shown by PCR analyses, the pre-BI cells in Pax5-deficient bone marrow have undergone D(H)-to-J(H) rearrangement of the immunoglobulin heavy-chain locus at normal frequency [43].

References