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Gene Review:

bel3 - Bel3

Human spumaretrovirus

This record was discontinued.

Weissenberger, J. et al., Weissenberger, J. et al., Yu, S.F. et al., Mergia, A. et al., Maurer, B. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of bel3

The 3'-orf protein of human immunodeficiency virus 2 shows sequence homology with the bel3 gene of the human spumaretrovirus [1].
Identification and characterization of the Bel 3 protein of human foamy virus [2].
The bel 3 gene is located in the 3' part of the viral genome comparable to that of the superantigen of the mouse mammary tumor virus [3].

High impact information on bel3

In contrast, deletions in bel 2 and bel 3 had only minor effects on the ability to transactivate [4].
At least four novel gene products, termed Bet, Bes, Beo, and Bel3, are predicted to exist [5].
On transfection and expression in transfected COS cells, recombinant Bel 3 was immunoprecipitated and migrated in three polypeptide bands of 18.7, 14.8, and 9.3 kDa under denaturing conditions [2].
The comparative V beta-specific transcriptional analysis revealed that the in vitro expression of the V beta 18 chain was specifically and strongly expanded in Bel 3-stimulated human T cells, a property characteristic for a superantigen [3].
The expression of different V beta chains of the TCR was analyzed by reverse transcription of the V beta RNAs and subsequent amplification of the corresponding V beta cDNA elements by polymerase chain reaction in unstimulated, phytohemaggluttinin (PHA)- and Bel 3-stimulated human T lymphocytes [3].

Biological context of bel3

In the corresponding region of the human foamy virus, three ORFs (bel-1, bel-2, and bel-3) have been identified (R. M. Flugel, A. Rethwilm, B. Maurer, and G. Darai, EMBO J. 6:2077-2084, 1987) [6].

Other interactions of bel3

Analysis of these mutants reveals that while the bel3 gene is not required for viral replication in vitro, mutations in the bel2 or bet gene decrease cell-free viral transmission approximately 10-fold [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of bel3

Here we report the identification of Bel 3 in HFV-infected cells by immunoprecipitation, indirect immunofluorescence, and expression cloning under the control of a strong heterologous promoter [2].

References

The 3'-orf protein of human immunodeficiency virus 2 shows sequence homology with the bel3 gene of the human spumaretrovirus. Maurer, B., Flügel, R.M. FEBS Lett. (1987) [Pubmed]
Identification and characterization of the Bel 3 protein of human foamy virus. Weissenberger, J., Flügel, R.M. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (1994) [Pubmed]
Evidence for superantigen activity of the Bel 3 protein of the human foamy virus. Weissenberger, J., Altmann, A., Meuer, S., Flügel, R.M. J. Med. Virol. (1994) [Pubmed]
The transcriptional transactivator of human foamy virus maps to the bel 1 genomic region. Rethwilm, A., Erlwein, O., Baunach, G., Maurer, B., ter Meulen, V. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1991) [Pubmed]
Analysis of splicing patterns of human spumaretrovirus by polymerase chain reaction reveals complex RNA structures. Muranyi, W., Flügel, R.M. J. Virol. (1991) [Pubmed]
Identification of the simian foamy virus transcriptional transactivator gene (taf). Mergia, A., Shaw, K.E., Pratt-Lowe, E., Barry, P.A., Luciw, P.A. J. Virol. (1991) [Pubmed]
Analysis of the role of the bel and bet open reading frames of human foamy virus by using a new quantitative assay. Yu, S.F., Linial, M.L. J. Virol. (1993) [Pubmed]

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