Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

Editor

Personal info

View

About

Terms

Javascript disabled

Please enable Javascript support in your browser to use this application.

Instructions on how to enable JavaScript on different browsers can be found here: http://www.google.com/support/bin/answer.py?answer=23852.

[edit this page]

Gene Review:

AVR2 - avidin related protein 2

Gallus gallus

Laitinen, O.H. et al., Repo, S. et al., Marttila, A.T. et al., Wallén, M.J. et al., Marttila, A.T. et al., et al.

Welcome! If you are familiar with the subject of this article, you can contribute to this open access knowledge base by deleting incorrect information, restructuring or completely rewriting any text. Read more.

High impact information on AVR1

The chicken avidin gene family consists of avidin and seven separate avidin-related genes (AVRs) 1-7 [1].
In addition to D-biotin, avidin binds an azo dye compound, 4-hydroxyazobenzene-2-carboxylic acid (HABA), but the HABA-binding properties of AVR4 are not yet known [2].
Chicken avidin-related proteins show altered biotin-binding and physico-chemical properties as compared with avidin [3].
Differences were found in some physico-chemical properties of the AVRs as compared with avidin, including lowered pI, increased glycosylation and, most notably, reversible biotin binding for two AVRs (AVR1 and AVR2) [3].
In addition, the carbohydrate-bearing asparagine-17 residue was altered to an isoleucine, according to the known sequences of avidin-related genes [4].

Biological context of AVR1

The chicken genome encodes several biotin-binding proteins, including avidin and avidin-related protein 4 (AVR4) [2].
Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of chicken avidin-related genes 1-5 [5].
Two repetitive elements of the chicken CR1 family, each located in the 5' flanking region of the avidin-related genes Avr4 and Avr5, have been cloned and sequenced [6].

Associations of AVR1 with chemical compounds

Molecular modelling showed how the replacement Lys(111)-->isoleucine in AVR2 alters the shape of the biotin-binding pocket and thus results in reversible binding [3].

Other interactions of AVR1

The gene encoding avidin (AVD) has homologues in chicken, named avidin-related genes (AVRs) [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AVR1

Differential scanning calorimetry, UV/visible spectroscopy, and molecular modeling were used to analyze the binding of 15 azo molecules to avidin and AVR4 [2].
7. Rational design of the avidin mutants was based on known crystallographic data together with comparative sequence alignment of avidin, streptavidin and a set of avidin-related genes which occur in the chicken genome [7].

References

Design and construction of highly stable, protease-resistant chimeric avidins. Hytönen, V.P., Määttä, J.A., Nyholm, T.K., Livnah, O., Eisenberg-Domovich, Y., Hyre, D., Nordlund, H.R., Hörhä, J., Niskanen, E.A., Paldanius, T., Kulomaa, T., Porkka, E.J., Stayton, P.S., Laitinen, O.H., Kulomaa, M.S. J. Biol. Chem. (2005) [Pubmed]
Binding Properties of HABA-Type Azo Derivatives to Avidin and Avidin-Related Protein 4. Repo, S., Paldanius, T.A., Hyt??nen, V.P., Nyholm, T.K., Halling, K.K., Huuskonen, J., Pentik??inen, O.T., Rissanen, K., Slotte, J.P., Airenne, T.T., Salminen, T.A., Kulomaa, M.S., Johnson, M.S. Chem. Biol. (2006) [Pubmed]
Chicken avidin-related proteins show altered biotin-binding and physico-chemical properties as compared with avidin. Laitinen, O.H., Hytönen, V.P., Ahlroth, M.K., Pentikäinen, O.T., Gallagher, C., Nordlund, H.R., Ovod, V., Marttila, A.T., Porkka, E., Heino, S., Johnson, M.S., Airenne, K.J., Kulomaa, M.S. Biochem. J. (2002) [Pubmed]
Recombinant NeutraLite avidin: a non-glycosylated, acidic mutant of chicken avidin that exhibits high affinity for biotin and low non-specific binding properties. Marttila, A.T., Laitinen, O.H., Airenne, K.J., Kulik, T., Bayer, E.A., Wilchek, M., Kulomaa, M.S. FEBS Lett. (2000) [Pubmed]
Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of chicken avidin-related genes 1-5. Keinänen, R.A., Wallén, M.J., Kristo, P.A., Laukkanen, M.O., Toimela, T.A., Helenius, M.A., Kulomaa, M.S. Eur. J. Biochem. (1994) [Pubmed]
Two chicken repeat one (CR1) elements lacking a silencer-like region upstream of the chicken avidin-related genes Avr4 and Avr5. Wallén, M.J., Keinänen, R.A., Kulomaa, M.S. Biochim. Biophys. Acta (1996) [Pubmed]
Engineering of chicken avidin: a progressive series of reduced charge mutants. Marttila, A.T., Airenne, K.J., Laitinen, O.H., Kulik, T., Bayer, E.A., Wilchek, M., Kulomaa, M.S. FEBS Lett. (1998) [Pubmed]

Contributions to this collaborative article are from individual authors of WikiGenes or mined by the WikiGenes Data Mining Engine from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.About WikiGenes Open Access Licence Privacy Policy Terms of Use apsburg

The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.