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Gene Review:

AstA - Allatostatin A

Drosophila melanogaster

Synonyms: ASA, AST, AST-1, AST-3, AST-4, ...

Lenz, C. et al., Price, M.D. et al., Lenz, C. et al., Bowser, P.R. et al., Larsen, M.J. et al., et al.

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High impact information on Ast

Additionally, AL eliminates activity in spinal cords of transgenic mice conditionally expressing AlstR [1].
The peptides encoded by the Ast precursor are nearly identical across species with the exception of AST-1, in which the leading residue may be either methionine or valine [2].
FLT does not act as an allatostatin [3].
SRPYSFGL-NH(2), (DST-3A), the only DST isolated from Drosophila so far, activated the first cloned DST-A GPCR (DAR-1) [N. Birgül et al. (1999) EMBO J. 18, 5892-5900] [4].
Of all the drostatins, drostatin-A4 (Thr-Thr-Arg-Pro-Gln-Pro-Phe-Asn-Phe-Gly-Leu-NH(2)) is the most effective in causing a second messenger cascade (measured as bioluminescence; threshold, 10(-9) M; EC(50), 10(-8) M), whereas the others are less effective and about equally potent (EC(50), 8 x 10(-8) M) [5].

Biological context of Ast

Using PCR with oligonucleotide primers directed against the presumed exons of this Drosophila allatostatin gene and subsequent 3'- and 5'-RACE, we were able to clone its cDNA [6].
The Drosophila allatostatin preprohormone gene contains two introns and three exons [6].

Other interactions of Ast

The existence of at least four different Drosophila allatostatins opens the possibility of a differential action of some of these hormones on the two recently cloned Drosophila allatostatin receptors, DAR-1 and -2 [6].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Ast

Molecular cloning and genomic organization of an allatostatin preprohormone from Drosophila melanogaster [6].

References

Selective and quickly reversible inactivation of mammalian neurons in vivo using the Drosophila allatostatin receptor. Tan, E.M., Yamaguchi, Y., Horwitz, G.D., Gosgnach, S., Lein, E.S., Goulding, M., Albright, T.D., Callaway, E.M. Neuron (2006) [Pubmed]
Comparative genomic analysis of allatostatin-encoding (Ast) genes in Drosophila species and prediction of regulatory elements by phylogenetic footprinting. Bowser, P.R., Tobe, S.S. Peptides (2007) [Pubmed]
Drosophila melanogaster flatline encodes a myotropin orthologue to Manduca sexta allatostatin. Price, M.D., Merte, J., Nichols, R., Koladich, P.M., Tobe, S.S., Bendena, W.G. Peptides (2002) [Pubmed]
Type A allatostatins from Drosophila melanogaster and Diplotera puncata activate two Drosophila allatostatin receptors, DAR-1 and DAR-2, expressed in CHO cells. Larsen, M.J., Burton, K.J., Zantello, M.R., Smith, V.G., Lowery, D.L., Kubiak, T.M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2001) [Pubmed]
Identification of four Drosophila allatostatins as the cognate ligands for the Drosophila orphan receptor DAR-2. Lenz, C., Williamson, M., Hansen, G.N., Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2001) [Pubmed]
Molecular cloning and genomic organization of an allatostatin preprohormone from Drosophila melanogaster. Lenz, C., Williamson, M., Grimmelikhuijzen, C.J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2000) [Pubmed]

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