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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Gene Review: 

rhcg  -  Rh family, C glycoprotein

Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis

Synonyms: pdrc2, rhgk, slc42a3
 
 
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Disease relevance of RhCG

  • The rates of RhBG- and RhCG-mediated transport were sensitive to the concentration of the protonated MA species and were stimulated by extracellular alkalosis and inhibited by acidosis, suggesting a role for H+ in the transport process [1].
 

High impact information on RhCG

  • Exposure to 500 microm NH4Cl induced a biphasic intracellular pH change in RhCG-expressing oocytes, consistent with both NH3 and NH4+ enhanced influx [2].
  • Our results support the hypothesis of a specific role for RhCG in NH3 and NH4+ transport [2].
  • The apparent affinity of RhCG for NH4+ was affected by NH3 concentration and by changing pHo, whereas the apparent affinity for NH3 was unchanged by pHo, consistent with direct NH3 involvement in RhCG function [2].
  • RhCG mediated the electroneutral transport of methylammonium (MeA), which saturated with Km = 3.8 mM at pHo 7 [3].
  • The polarized localization of RhBG and RhCG in kidney tubules and the different substrate affinities may enable these proteins to participate in transepithelial ammonia secretion and to therefore play an important role in whole animal acid-base regulation [1].
 

Biological context of RhCG

 

Anatomical context of RhCG

  • Ammonium induced rapid cytosolic alkalinization in RhCG-expressing oocytes [3].
 

Associations of RhCG with chemical compounds

  • Additionally, RhCG expression was associated with an alkali-cation conductance, which was not significantly permeable to NH4+ and was apparently uncoupled from the ammonium transport [3].
  • These results strongly suggest that RhBG and RhCG transport ammonia by an electroneutral process that involves NH4(+)/H+ exchange resulting in net NH3 translocation [1].

References

  1. Characterization of ammonia transport by the kidney Rh glycoproteins RhBG and RhCG. Mak, D.O., Dang, B., Weiner, I.D., Foskett, J.K., Westhoff, C.M. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  2. NH3 is involved in the NH4+ transport induced by the functional expression of the human Rh C glycoprotein. Bakouh, N., Benjelloun, F., Hulin, P., Brouillard, F., Edelman, A., Chérif-Zahar, B., Planelles, G. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  3. Different transport mechanisms in plant and human AMT/Rh-type ammonium transporters. Mayer, M., Schaaf, G., Mouro, I., Lopez, C., Colin, Y., Neumann, P., Cartron, J.P., Ludewig, U. J. Gen. Physiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
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