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Gene Review:

RNU1-4 - RNA, U1 small nuclear 4

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: HSD2, HSD5, HSD6, HSD7, RNU1, ...

Yu, A. et al., Romani, M. et al., van der Drift, P. et al., Li, Z. et al., Yu, A. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of RNU1A

Concurrent mapping of an adenovirus 5/SV40 integration site and the U1 snRNA cluster (RNU1) within 400 kb of the chromosome region 1p36.1 [1].

High impact information on RNU1A

Infection by adenovirus 12, transfection with the Ad12 E1B 55 kDa gene, or activation of p53 cause metaphase fragility of four loci (RNU1, PSU1, RNU2, and RN5S) each containing tandemly repeated genes for an abundant small RNA (U1, U2, and 5S RNA) [2].
We propose that Ad12 infection, actinomycin D and araC all induce a similar or identical global damage arrest signal (perhaps a modification or altered conformation of p53) that preferentially interferes with metaphase condensation of the RNU1 and RNU2 loci [3].
Infection of human cells with adenovirus 12 (Ad12), but not Ad2 or 5, induces four specific sites of metaphase chromosome fragility: the U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes (the RNU1 locus), the U2 snRNA genes (RNU2), the U1 snRNA pseudogenes (PSU1) and the 5S rRNA genes (RN5S) [3].
Chromosomal band 1p36 encodes genes for small nuclear RNA U1 (RNU-1) and for the tRNAs of glutamic acid (TRE) and asparagine (TRN) [4].
We show that RNU-1, TRE and TRN genes are scattered over a region of probably more than 2 Mb with intergenic distances of up to 125 kb [4].

Biological context of RNU1A

The present study narrows the region of viral integration to site 1p36.1 in a close cytogenetic overlap with the U1 snRNA gene cluster (RNU1) within a distance necessarily smaller than 400 kb as suggested by the size of the YAC in which the two markers were found to coexist [1].
Adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) infection of human cells induces four chromosomal fragile sites corresponding to the U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes (the RNU1 locus), the U2 snRNA genes (RNU2), the U1 snRNA pseudogenes (PSU1), and the 5S rRNA genes (RN5S) [5].

Associations of RNU1A with chemical compounds

Metaphase fragility of the human RNU1 and RNU2 loci is induced by actinomycin D through a p53-dependent pathway [3].

Other interactions of RNU1A

Here we report that the breakpoint is within a large cluster of small nuclear RNA U1 (RNU1) and some tRNA genes (TRE, TRN) on chromosomal band 1p36 [6].

References

Concurrent mapping of an adenovirus 5/SV40 integration site and the U1 snRNA cluster (RNU1) within 400 kb of the chromosome region 1p36.1. Romani, M., Baldini, A., Volpi, E.V., Casciano, I., Nobile, C., Muresu, R., Siniscalco, M. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. (1994) [Pubmed]
Activation of p53 or loss of the Cockayne syndrome group B repair protein causes metaphase fragility of human U1, U2, and 5S genes. Yu, A., Fan, H.Y., Liao, D., Bailey, A.D., Weiner, A.M. Mol. Cell (2000) [Pubmed]
Metaphase fragility of the human RNU1 and RNU2 loci is induced by actinomycin D through a p53-dependent pathway. Yu, A., Bailey, A.D., Weiner, A.M. Hum. Mol. Genet. (1998) [Pubmed]
A multimegabase cluster of snRNA and tRNA genes on chromosome 1p36 harbours an adenovirus/SV40 hybrid virus integration site. van der Drift, P., Chan, A., van Roy, N., Laureys, G., Westerveld, A., Speleman, F., Versteeg, R. Hum. Mol. Genet. (1994) [Pubmed]
Adenovirus type 12-induced fragility of the human RNU2 locus requires p53 function. Li, Z., Yu, A., Weiner, A.M. J. Virol. (1998) [Pubmed]
Balanced translocation in a neuroblastoma patient disrupts a cluster of small nuclear RNA U1 and tRNA genes in chromosomal band 1p36. van der Drift, P., Chan, A., Laureys, G., van Roy, N., Sickmann, G., den Dunnen, J., Westerveld, A., Speleman, F., Versteeg, R. Genes Chromosomes Cancer (1995) [Pubmed]

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