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Gene Review:

CYP79B2 - tryptophan N-monooxygenase 1

Arabidopsis thaliana

Synonyms: T5J17.120, T5J17_120, cytochrome P450, family 79, polypeptide 2, ...

Glawischnig, E. et al., Zhao, Y. et al., Mikkelsen, M.D. et al., Skirycz, A. et al., Hull, A.K. et al.

Glawischnig, Hansen, Olsen, Halkier,

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Disease relevance of CYP79B2

Heterologous expression of CYP79B2 in Escherichia coli shows that CYP79B2 catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime [1].

High impact information on CYP79B2

Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis: involvement of cytochrome P450s CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 [2].
Plants overexpressing CYP79B2 contain elevated levels of free auxin and display auxin overproduction phenotypes [2].
We show that camalexin, the indole phytoalexin of Arabidopsis thaliana, is synthesized from tryptophan via indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) in a reaction catalyzed by CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 [3].
These results demonstrate that only CYP79B2 and CYP79B3 contribute significantly to the IAOx pool from which camalexin and indole glucosinolates are synthesized [3].
Arabidopsis overexpressing CYP79B2 has increased levels of indole glucosinolates, which strongly indicates that CYP79B2 is involved in indole glucosinolate biosynthesis [1].

Associations of CYP79B2 with chemical compounds

We have identified two Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s (CYP79B2 and CYP79B3) that can convert Trp to indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx), a precursor to IAA and indole glucosinolates [4].
In Arabidopsis thaliana, indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) produced from tryptophan by the activity of two cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP79B2 and CYP79B3, serves as a precursor for IGS biosynthesis but is also an intermediate in the biosynthetic pathway of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) [5].
Here we provide in planta evidence that the two Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s, CYP79B2 and CYP79B3, which convert tryptophan (Trp) to indole-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx) in vitro, are critical enzymes in auxin biosynthesis in vivo [2].
CYP79B2 plays an important role in camalexin biosynthesis in that the transcript level of CYP79B2, but not CYP79B3, is increased upon induction of camalexin by silver nitrate as evidenced by microarray analysis and promoter-beta-glucuronidase data [3].

References

Cytochrome P450 CYP79B2 from Arabidopsis catalyzes the conversion of tryptophan to indole-3-acetaldoxime, a precursor of indole glucosinolates and indole-3-acetic acid. Mikkelsen, M.D., Hansen, C.H., Wittstock, U., Halkier, B.A. J. Biol. Chem. (2000) [Pubmed]
Trp-dependent auxin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis: involvement of cytochrome P450s CYP79B2 and CYP79B3. Zhao, Y., Hull, A.K., Gupta, N.R., Goss, K.A., Alonso, J., Ecker, J.R., Normanly, J., Chory, J., Celenza, J.L. Genes Dev. (2002) [Pubmed]
Camalexin is synthesized from indole-3-acetaldoxime, a key branching point between primary and secondary metabolism in Arabidopsis. Glawischnig, E., Hansen, B.G., Olsen, C.E., Halkier, B.A. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2004) [Pubmed]
Arabidopsis cytochrome P450s that catalyze the first step of tryptophan-dependent indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis. Hull, A.K., Vij, R., Celenza, J.L. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2000) [Pubmed]
DOF transcription factor AtDof1.1 (OBP2) is part of a regulatory network controlling glucosinolate biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Skirycz, A., Reichelt, M., Burow, M., Birkemeyer, C., Rolcik, J., Kopka, J., Zanor, M.I., Gershenzon, J., Strnad, M., Szopa, J., Mueller-Roeber, B., Witt, I. Plant J. (2006) [Pubmed]

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CYP79B3	Arabidopsis thaliana
CYP79A2	Arabidopsis thaliana
CYP79A3P	Arabidopsis thaliana
Os03g0570100	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Os04g0171800	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
Os04g0171600	Oryza sativa Japonica Group

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