Disease relevance of Carlavirus

• The 3'-terminal genes in genomic RNAs of four groups of plant positive strand RNA viruses (hordei-, furo-, tobra-, and carlaviruses) encode small proteins enriched in Cys residues [1].
• Sequence comparisons revealed that the possible replicase proteins of tymoviruses are closely related to those of potexviruses and carlaviruses, suggesting a close evolutionary relationship among these viruses, despite differences in their genome organization and particle morphology [2].
• We have studied the susceptibility or resistance of Solanum capsicastrum Link. et Schauer, S. comatum Sendt., S. dulcamara L., S. luteum Mill., S. malacoxylon Sendt. and S. nigrum L. to three aphid transmissible viruses [alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus (AMV), potato M. carlavirus (PVM) and potato S carlavirus (PVS)] [3].

High impact information on Carlavirus

• ORF2 potentially encoded a small hydrophobic 6.4K protein, apparently homologous to small hydrophobic proteins of potex- and carlaviruses [4].
• The 5'-proximal ORF1 encodes a product with substantial homology to the C-terminal portions of the putative RNA replicases of two other carlaviruses, potato viruses M and S [5].
• It was found that the smooth membrane fraction was enriched in the carlavirus 7-kDa proteins [6].
• The 227 kDa replicase of DVS shared 45.5-39.2% amino acid similarities to that of 8 other known carlaviruses [7].
• The CP gene of DVS shares 25.2-55.2% and 42.9-56.1% similarities with that of 19 other carlaviruses at the amino acid and nucleotide levels, respectively [8].

Gene context of Carlavirus

• The ORF1 replicase gene of LSV shares 40.9% to 56.8% and 48.9% and 58.6% identities with that of 5 other carlaviruses at the amino acid and nucleotide levels, respectively [9].
• The 6K product had extensive homology with the comparable 6K protein of TNV-A and was also related to the 11K protein of shallot latent carlavirus, one of the "triple block" polypeptides involved in cell-to-cell virus movement [10].
• ORF-1 motifs, characteristic for carlaviruses were found for methyltransferase (MTR), helicase (HEL) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) [11].

References