Nitrofurantoin and congenital abnormalities.
OBJECTIVE: To study human teratogenic potential of oral nitrofurantoin treatment during pregnancy. MATERIALS and METHODS: Pair analysis of cases with congenital abnormalities and matched population controls in the population-based dataset of the Hungarian Case-Control Surveillance of Congenital Abnormalities, 1980-1996. RESULTS: Of 38,151 pregnant women who had newborn infants without any congenital abnormalities (population control group), 774 (3.4%); of 22,865 case pregnant women who had newborns or fetuses with congenital abnormalities, 1079 (2.8%) and of 812 pregnant women who had newborns or fetuses with Down's syndrome (patient controls), 23 (2.8%) pregnant women were treated with nitrofurantoin. The above differences between population controls and cases may be connected with recall bias, because the case-control pair analysis did not indicate a teratogenic potential of nitrofurantoin use during the second and the third months of gestation, i.e. in the critical period for major congenital abnormalities. CONCLUSION: Treatment with nitrofurantoin during pregnancy does not present detectable teratogenic risk to the fetus.[1]References
- Nitrofurantoin and congenital abnormalities. Czeizel, A.E., Rockenbauer, M., Sørensen, H.T., Olsen, J. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. (2001) [Pubmed]
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