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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
 
 

Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by a CCR5- binding cyclophilin from Toxoplasma gondii.

The activation of murine dendritic cells by Toxoplasma gondii has recently been shown to depend on a parasite protein that signals through the chemokine receptor CCR5. Here we demonstrate that this molecule, cyclophilin-18 (C-18), is an inhibitor of HIV-1 cell fusion and infection with cell-free virus. T gondii C-18 efficiently blocked syncytium formation between human T cells and effector cells expressing R5 but not X4 envelopes. Neither human nor Plasmodium falciparum cyclophilins possess such inhibitory activity. Importantly, C-18 protected peripheral blood leukocytes from infection with multiple HIV-1 R5 primary isolates from several clades. C-18 bound directly to human CCR5, and this interaction was partially competed by the beta-chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta (MIP-1 beta) and by HIV-1 R5 gp120. In contrast to several other antagonists of HIV coreceptor function, C-18 mediated inhibition did not induce beta-chemokines or cause CCR5 downmodulation, suggesting direct blocking of envelope binding to the receptor. These data support the further development of C-18 derivatives as HIV-1 inhibitors for preventing HIV-1 transmission and for postexposure prophylaxis.[1]

References

  1. Inhibition of HIV-1 infection by a CCR5-binding cyclophilin from Toxoplasma gondii. Golding, H., Aliberti, J., King, L.R., Manischewitz, J., Andersen, J., Valenzuela, J., Landau, N.R., Sher, A. Blood (2003) [Pubmed]
 
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