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Lombardi, G. et al.

Lombardi, Miglio, Dianzani, Mesturini, Varsaldi, Chiocchetti, Dianzani, Fantozzi,

Glutamate modulation of human lymphocyte growth: in vitro studies.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation induced by phytohemagglutinin, or by anti-CD3 alone or plus anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) was inhibited by glutamate (Glu) in a concentration-dependent manner. This inhibition was not reproduced by selective ionotropic Glu receptor agonists, whereas it was potentiated by l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine, which depletes glutathione (GSH) stores, and counteracted by 2-mercaptoethanol, a preserver of cell thiols. The inhibitory effects of Glu were related to depletion of intracellular GSH stores, since it decreased GSH levels in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, Glu modulated cytokine secretion by anti-CD3 mAb activated PBMC: it increased IFN-gamma (+44.3+/-8.2%) and IL-10 (+31.6+/-9.7%) secretion, whereas that of IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, and TNF-alpha was not affected. These data suggest that high levels of Glu, which can be reached in damaged tissues, modulate lymphocyte responses to activating stimuli by favouring polarization of the T helper effector response.[1]

References

Glutamate modulation of human lymphocyte growth: in vitro studies. Lombardi, G., Miglio, G., Dianzani, C., Mesturini, R., Varsaldi, F., Chiocchetti, A., Dianzani, U., Fantozzi, R. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (2004) [Pubmed]

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