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Chemical Compound Review

GASH     (2S)-2-amino-4-[[(1S)-1...

Synonyms: GASH cpd, CHEBI:59399, AC1L9MDQ, C19689, Glutathione amide, ...
 
 
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Disease relevance of glutathione

 

Psychiatry related information on glutathione

 

High impact information on glutathione

  • Another equally valid perspective of CFTR, however, derives from its membership in a family of transporters that transports a multitude of different substances from chemotherapeutic drugs, to amino acids, to glutathione conjugates, to small peptides in a nonconductive manner [11].
  • Treatment of bean or soybean cells with fungal elicitor or glutathione causes a rapid insolubilization of preexisting (hydroxy)proline-rich structural proteins in the cell wall [12].
  • The gamma-glutamyl cycle and amino acid transport. Studies of free amino acids, gamma-glutamyl-cysteine and glutathione in erythrocytes from patients with 5-oxoprolinuria (glutathione synthetase deficiency) [13].
  • Purified SERCA was S-glutathiolated by ONOO(-) and the increase in Ca(2+)-uptake activity of SERCA reconstituted in phospholipid vesicles required the presence of glutathione [14].
  • Formation of the sulphenyl-amide causes large changes in the PTP1B active site, which are reversible by reduction with the cellular reducing agent glutathione [15].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of glutathione

 

Biological context of glutathione

  • The response may be elicited by oxidative stress, because it is inhibited by elevation of intracellular glutathione [21].
  • Unlike wild-type Ste5, the mutant did not appear to oligomerize; however, when fused to a heterologous dimerization domain (glutathione S-transferase), the chimeric protein restored mating in an ste5Delta cell and an ste4Delta ste5Delta double mutant [22].
  • By contrast, similar treatment of mice aged 14 to 17 days, although slightly less effective in reducing glutathione levels, resulted frequently in death, hind-leg paralysis, or impaired spermatogenesis, but did not produce cataracts [16].
  • Like organic chemicals, arsenic undergoes reduction, methylation, and glutathione conjugation to yield polar metabolites that are substrates for transporters [23].
  • These compounds also readily form adducts with glutathione or free thiols and can thereby affect the metabolism, activity, and toxicology of a wide array of pharmacological agents [24].
 

Anatomical context of glutathione

  • We demonstrate that anthocyanins extracted from maize protoplasts expressing BZ2 are conjugated with glutathione, and that vanadate, a known inhibitor of the glutathione pump in plant vacuolar membranes, inhibits the accumulation of anthocyanins in the vacuole [25].
  • We report here that fast-inactivating K+ currents mediated by cloned K+ channel subunits derived from mammalian brain expressed in Xenopus oocytes are regulated by the reducing agent glutathione [26].
  • A glutathione pump in the vacuolar membrane of barley actively sequesters herbicide-glutathione S-conjugates; glutathionation allows recognition and entry of the conjugates into vacuoles [25].
  • Expression of Bcl-2 in the GT1-7 neural cell line prevented death as a result of glutathione depletion [27].
  • The redox state of the secretory pathway was more oxidative than that of the cytosol; the ratio of reduced glutathione to the disulfide form (GSH/GSSG) within the secretory pathway ranged from 1:1 to 3:1, whereas the overall cellular GSH/GSSG ratio ranged from 30:1 to 100:1 [28].
 

Associations of glutathione with other chemical compounds

 

Gene context of glutathione

 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of glutathione

References

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