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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
 
 
 
 

Impact of myeloperoxidase and NADPH-oxidase polymorphisms in drug-induced agranulocytosis.

Therapy of the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine is limited by a comparatively high incidence of agranulocytosis in 0.8% of patients. This severe side effect is possibly based on the clozapine-mediated stimulation of cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors release, followed by induction of granulocyte proliferation and induction of myeloperoxidase ( MPO) and NADPH-oxidase. Because NADPH-oxidase/ MPO may oxidize clozapine to highly reactive nitrenium ions, we investigated the role of hereditary polymorphisms in the NADPH oxidase/myeloperoxidase system in agranulocytosis patients who received clozapine (n = 49), ticlopidine (n = 11), and other drugs prior to the event. The low active MPO -436A allelic variant frequency was 22.2% in cases and 19.9% in controls, but AA carriers were overrepresented among cases compared with the sum of AG and GG-carriers (odds ratio 4.16, 95% confidence limits 0.86-20.3, P = 0.056). Particularly in clozapine-induced agranulocytosis, this finding was most pronounced (P = 0.04). In the CYBA gene, encoding the p22phox subunit of the NADPH-oxidase, 2 polymorphisms were investigated. C242T (His72Tyr) had an allele frequency of 31.9% and 32.2% (P = NS) and A640G in the 3'-UTR was less frequent in cases (48.7%) than controls (60.0%), odds ratio 0.63 (0.39-1.02), P = 0.048. CYBA 640GG-carriers were marginally less frequent in cases compared with controls (28.2% vs. 38.7%, P = 0.062). Sequencing the entire coding region of the NADPH subunit CYBB (gpS1phase) disclosed that CYBB is a highly conserved gene, which does not represent a risk factor for clozapine-induced agranulocytosis. The impact of the polymorphic myeloperoxidase, however, needs further verification to predict a patient's risk to develop drug-induced agranulocytosis.[1]

References

  1. Impact of myeloperoxidase and NADPH-oxidase polymorphisms in drug-induced agranulocytosis. Mosyagin, I., Dettling, M., Roots, I., Mueller-Oerlinghausen, B., Cascorbi, I. Journal of clinical psychopharmacology. (2004) [Pubmed]
 
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