Multiple functions of type 10 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.
Human 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 10 (17beta-HSD10) is a mitochondrial enzyme encoded by the SCHAD gene, which escapes chromosome X inactivation. 17Beta-HSD10/ SCHAD mutations cause a spectrum of clinical conditions, from mild mental retardation to progressive infantile neurodegeneration. 17Beta-HSD10/ SCHAD is essential for the metabolism of isoleucine and branched-chain fatty acids. It can inactivate 17beta-estradiol and steroid modulators of GABA(A) receptors, and convert 5alpha-androstanediol into 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Certain malignant prostatic epithelial cells contain high levels of 17beta-HSD10, generating 5alpha-DHT in the absence of testosterone. 17Beta-HSD10 has an affinity for amyloid-beta peptide, and might be linked to the mitochondrial dysfunction seen in Alzheimer's disease. This versatile enzyme might provide a new drug target for neuronal excitability control and for intervention in Alzheimer's disease and certain cancers.[1]References
- Multiple functions of type 10 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Yang, S.Y., He, X.Y., Schulz, H. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. (2005) [Pubmed]
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