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Piovesan, E.J. et al.

Elcio Juliato Piovesan, Vitor Randunz, Marco Utiumi, Marcos Cristiano Lange, Pedro André Kowacs, Rogério Andrade Mulinari, Michael Oshinsky, Maria Vital, Adriana Sereniki, Artur Furlaneto Fernandes, Lucas Leite e Silva, Lineu César Werneck,

Influence of NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists on acute and inflammatory pain in the trigeminal territory: a placebo control study.

NMDA and non-NMDA receptors are involved in spinal transmission of nociceptive information in physiological and pathological conditions. Our objective was to study the influence of NMDA and non-NMDA receptor antagonists on pain control in the trigeminal system using a formalin-induced orofacial pain model. Motor performance was also evaluated. Male Rattus norvegicus were pre-treated with topiramate (T) (n=8), memantine (M) (n=8), divalproex (D) (n=8) or isotonic saline solution (ISS) (n=10) intraperitoneally 30 minutes before the formalin test. Formalin 2.5% was injected into the right upper lip (V2 branch) and induced two phases: phase I (early or neurogenic) (0-3 min) and phase II (late or inflammatory) (12-30 min). For motor behavior performance we used the open-field test and measured latency to movement onset, locomotion and rearing frequencies, and immobility time. Pre-treatment of animals with M and D only attenuated nociceptive formalin behavior for phase II. T increased locomotion and rearing frequencies and reduced immobility time. Treatment with M increased immobility time and with D reduced locomotion frequency. Our results showed that the NMDA antagonist (M) is more potent than the non-NMDA antagonists (D and T) in the control of pain in the inflammatory phase. The non-NMDA topiramate improved motor performance more than did D and M, probably because T has more anxiolytic properties.[1]

References

Influence of NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists on acute and inflammatory pain in the trigeminal territory: a placebo control study. Piovesan, E.J., Randunz, V., Utiumi, M., Lange, M.C., Kowacs, P.A., Mulinari, R.A., Oshinsky, M., Vital, M., Sereniki, A., Fernandes, A.F., e Silva, L.L., Werneck, L.C. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr (2008) [Pubmed]

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