The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.

wikigene or wiki gene protein drug chemical gene disease author authorship tracking collaborative publishing evolutionary knowledge reputation system wiki2.0 global collaboration genes proteins drugs chemicals diseases compound
Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 
 
 
 
 

Antimicrobial effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in protein-energy malnutrition.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate, in a murine model of protein-energy malnutrition, whether granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) improves the host response to a septic challenge and to determine the potential mechanisms involved. DESIGN: Nonblinded study of GM-CSF in mice with protein-energy malnutrition. SETTING: A university-based surgical laboratory and animal facility. INTERVENTION: In study 1, malnourished mice were randomized to receive either GM-CSF (120 micrograms/kg subcutaneously to receive either GM-CSF (120 micrograms/kg subcutaneously from day 4 to 7 of the protein-free diet) or saline vehicle as a control. On day 7, all mice were given Candida albicans (5 x 10(5) organisms intravenously). In study 2, malnourished mice received the same dose of GM-CSF or saline vehicle for 7 days of the protein-free diet. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In study 1 mice were followed up for survival. In study 2, after 7 days of diets, splenic macrophages were harvested and were assayed for interleukin-6, superoxide anion, and nitric oxide production. Splenocytes were stimulated with concanavalin A (5 micrograms/mL) for interleukin-4, interleukin-10, and interferon-gamma production. RESULTS: Treatment with GM-CSF significantly enhanced survival in malnourished mice infected with C albicans. Treatment with GM-CSF was associated with increased production from splenic macrophages of interleukin-6, superoxide anion, and nitric oxide as well as decreased interleukin-4 production from splenocytes. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a beneficial role for GM-CSF in the malnourished host predisposed to infection. The antimicrobial properties of GM-CSF may function through enhanced production of nitric oxide and superoxide anion.[1]

References

  1. Antimicrobial effects of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in protein-energy malnutrition. Hill, A.D., Naama, H., Shou, J., Calvano, S.E., Daly, J.M. Archives of surgery (Chicago, Ill. : 1960) (1995) [Pubmed]
 
WikiGenes - Universities