Disease relevance of Diet, Protein-Restricted

• Hyperplastic nodules and hepatocellular carcinomas were induced in livers of rats by a low-protein diet containing 0.05% of the carcinogen N-2-fluorenylacetamide [1].
• Randomised multicentre study of a low-protein diet on the progression of chronic renal failure in children. European Study Group of Nutritional Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure in Childhood [2].
• 456 adult patients were assigned either a low-protein diet (0.6 g/kg body weight daily; n = 226) or a "normal" controlled-protein diet (1.0 g/kg daily; n = 230) and were stratified into three groups (A-C) with increasing baseline plasma creatinine concentrations [3].
• Acute pancreatitis was induced by daily intraperitoneal injections of DL-ethionine in rats maintained on a protein-free diet [4].
• Compared to a normal protein diet, glomerulonephritic rats receiving the low protein diet did not develop an increase in glomerular extracellular matrix and showed significantly less proteinuria [5].

Psychiatry related information on Diet, Protein-Restricted

• Five hundred sixty-five patients had a normal serum creatinine concentration, and of these 565, 385 patients had no dietary modification advised and 180 were advised to follow a low-protein diet [6].
• In three experiments, rats were subjected to 24 or 72 hours of food deprivation or 5 days of consuming a protein-free diet or injection of streptozotocin [7].
• As malnutrition has been associated with drug use, a low protein diet has been evaluated for its contribution to the impairment of the immune system during cocaine/morphine addiction [8].
• In addition, we studied the concentration of insulin and leptin in the lactating pups (10 days) and when these offspring became adult after the onset of a new feeding pattern induced by the protein-free diet [9].

High impact information on Diet, Protein-Restricted

• The mean (+/- SE) glomerular filtration rate, as measured by the clearance of 51Cr bound to EDTA, fell from 0.25 +/- 0.03 to 0.10 +/- 0.05 ml per second (P less than 0.01) in the group on the regular diet, whereas it fell from 0.23 +/- 0.04 to 0.20 +/- 0.05 ml per second (P not significant) in the group on the protein-restricted diet [10].
• We conclude that with the low-protein diet, the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of allopurinol were minimally altered but the total-body clearance of oxypurinol was greatly reduced because of a large increase in the net renal tubular reabsorption of oxypurinol [11].
• Active reabsorption of urea appears in the initial IMCD (IMCD1) of rats fed a low-protein diet [12].
• With the low protein diet leucine oxidation rates during feeding correlated inversely with Uprot. losses (r = -0.83; P < 0. 05) [13].
• Changes in aquaporin-2 protein contribute to the urine concentrating defect in rats fed a low-protein diet [14].

Chemical compound and disease context of Diet, Protein-Restricted

• Therapy with a low-protein diet, lactulose, and sodium benzoate has prevented recurrence of hyperammonemia and symptoms [15].
• RESULTS: The increase in bone resorption in female rats (+100%) and in male rats (+33%) fed a low-protein diet was prevented by pamidronate treatment [16].
• The effect of a low protein diet with amino acid/keto acid supplements on glucose metabolism in children with uremia [17].
• No change was observed in actomyosin content nor in the actin-to-myosin ratio during the DOCA hypertension or the addition of a low protein diet [18].
• Tandem antifibrotic actions of L-arginine supplementation and low protein diet during the repair phase of experimental glomerulonephritis [19].

Biological context of Diet, Protein-Restricted

• Maternal low protein diet (LPD) fed during only the preimplantation period of development (0-4.25 days after mating), before return to control diet for the remainder of gestation, induced programming of altered birthweight, postnatal growth rate, hypertension and organ/body-weight ratios in either male or female offspring at up to 12 weeks of age [20].
• Feeding of a protein-free diet prior to 3,3-[14C]dimethyl-1-phenyltriazene administration reduced the formation of 7-methylguanine in liver and kidney RNA, whereas in the remaining organs the extent of methylation was markedly increased [21].
• RESULTS: In foetuses and neonates nourished with a low protein diet, taurine supplementation restored normal DNA synthesis and apoptosis [22].
• This intervention blocked the further increase in systolic blood pressure of rats treated with DOCA; systolic blood pressures of control rats were not influenced by the low protein diet [18].
• In the overt model, which was produced by feeding dams a very low protein diet (6% casein) starting 5 weeks prior to conception and continued through lactation, the females showed significant weight losses at all ages compared to dams maintained on a normal diet (25% casein) [23].

Anatomical context of Diet, Protein-Restricted

• We studied the effects of an isocaloric low protein diet on the resistance to pull-out of titanium rods implanted into rats proximal tibia [24].
• Whole body protein breakdown using 15N and skeletal muscle protein breakdown from urinary 3-methylhistidine were measured simultaneously in seven skeletal trauma and eight normal subjects on a standard hypocaloric, protein free diet [25].
• Both starvation and feeding of a low protein diet have dramatic effects on serum thyroid hormone concentrations and on the serum binding proteins for thyroid hormones in rats [26].
• Mitochondria from rats fed on a protein-free diet initially contained low levels of N-acetylglutamate, and addition of arginine increased the rate of its synthesis [27].
• In contrast, the glutathione concentration in hepatocytes of rats fed the low protein diet did not respond to treatment with glucagon or db-cAMP [28].

Associations of Diet, Protein-Restricted with chemical compounds

• Low protein diet alters urea transport and cell structure in rat initial inner medullary collecting duct [29].
• Dose-dependent activation of BCKAD by intravenous leucine in postabsorptive rats was blunted by a low protein diet [30].
• Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition on altered renal hemodynamics induced by low protein diet in the rat [31].
• Although glucose oxidation increased to 50% of the total visceral CO2 production during a low protein diet, this increase did not compensate entirely for the fall in amino acid oxidation [32].
• A low protein diet caused a decrease in plasma tryptophan and an increase in plasma tyrosine levels without affecting prolactin levels in either controls or portal hypertensive rats [33].

Gene context of Diet, Protein-Restricted

• Brain ACMSD messages were down- and up-regulated in response to low protein diet and streptozocin-induced diabetes, respectively [34].
• The effects of a low-protein diet on the serum insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) were investigated during a 3-month controlled study in 12 adult chronic renal failure patients [35].
• Moreover, treatment of HepG2 cells with amino acids at a concentration reproducing the amino acid concentration found in portal blood of rats fed a low-protein diet leads to a significantly higher expression of IGFBP-1 [36].
• In study 2, malnourished mice received the same dose of GM-CSF or saline vehicle for 7 days of the protein-free diet [37].
• Ovariectomy increased plasma IGF-I concentration in rats fed on either a 50 g casein/kg diet (protein-restricted diet) or a 200 g casein/kg diet (control diet), but it increased IGF-I mRNA in liver only in the rats fed on the control diet [38].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Diet, Protein-Restricted

• Patients were randomly assigned by a crossover design to 40-g low-protein diet (LPD) or usual-protein diet (UPD) [39].
• Using low protein diets, administration of a supplement with small amounts of essential amino acids (EAA) resulted in accelerated growth associated with a higher calorie intake, a better utilization of ingested calories for growth and a greater fall of blood urea nitrogen concentration [40].
• In animal models, intrauterine growth retardation can be obtained through pharmacological (streptozotocin), dietary (semi-starvation, low protein diet) or surgical (intrauterine artery ligation) manipulation of the maternal animal [41].
• Immunofluorescence studies revealed the accumulation of types I, III and IV collagens, laminin, and HSPG in the sclerotic area and low protein diet attenuated the accumulation of these proteins [42].
• Two groups of remnant kidney rats, one fed a standard protein diet and one a low protein diet, heavy proteinuric rats (adriamycin) and diabetic rats, each with their own control group, were treated with increasing doses of gentamicin, given as a continuous infusion over 6 hr [43].

References