Neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 in seronegative volunteers immunized with recombinant gp120 from the MN strain of HIV-1. NIAID AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network.
OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the MN strain of recombinant gp120 (MN rgp120) as a vaccine prototype to prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). DESIGN--Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study with subjects vaccinated at 0, 4, 24, and 48 weeks and followed up through 64 weeks. SETTING--The AIDS Vaccine Evaluation Units in St Louis, Mo, Nashville, Tenn, and Rochester, NY, conducted the clinical study. Laboratory studies were conducted at Duke University, Raleigh, NC; data analysis was done by the Data Coordinating and Analysis Center at the EMMES Corporation, Potomac, Md. PARTICIPANTS--Fifty-seven persons seronegative for HIV, at low risk for acquiring HIV infection, and 18 to 60 years of age. INTERVENTIONS--The MN rgp120 vaccine was administered to 12 volunteers each in doses of 100 micrograms, 300 micrograms, or 600 micrograms, and 12 volunteers received a combination of 300 micrograms of MN rgp120 vaccine and 300 micrograms of vaccine from rgp120 of strain IIIB. Nine volunteers received alum adjuvant alone (control). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Safety was assessed by monitoring lymphocyte subsets, serum creatinine, and liver enzymes. Immunogenicity was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using the immunogen and synthetic peptide corresponding to the variable region 3 domain of gp120. Functional antibody assays included CD4 binding blocking; antibody-dependent, cell-mediated cytotoxicity; and neutralization of homologous and heterologous HIV strains. RESULTS--No severe adverse reactions occurred. In 33 of 48 volunteers, two doses of vaccine induced antibodies that neutralized the homologous strain HIV-1/MN. Three doses of vaccine induced antibodies that neutralized MN (in 46 of 48 volunteers), SF-2 (in 45 of 48 volunteers), or IIIB strains of HIV-1 (in 30 of 48 volunteers). CONCLUSION--The vaccines were safe and immunogenic. Multiple injections of vaccine broadened and increased the neutralizing antibody response.[1]References
- Neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 in seronegative volunteers immunized with recombinant gp120 from the MN strain of HIV-1. NIAID AIDS Vaccine Clinical Trials Network. Belshe, R.B., Graham, B.S., Keefer, M.C., Gorse, G.J., Wright, P., Dolin, R., Matthews, T., Weinhold, K., Bolognesi, D.P., Sposto, R. JAMA (1994) [Pubmed]
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