Disease relevance of Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid

• Median level of PTCA in melanoma patients was elevated 2.1-fold compared with control subjects [1].

High impact information on Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid

• In both P/P and p/p melanoblasts and melanocytes cultured with 2.0 mM L-Tyr for 14 days, slight increases in contents of eumelanin marker, pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA) and pheomelanin marker, aminohydroxyphenylalanine (AHP) were observed [2].
• The rationale is that permanganate oxidation of eumelanin yields pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid, which may serve as a quantitatively significant indicator of eumelanin, whereas hydriodic acid hydrolysis of pheomelanin yields aminohydroxyphenylalanine as a specific indicator of pheomelanin [3].
• In yellow mutant, db-cAMP induced a remarkable increase in eumelanin (PTCA), in contrast to the fewfold increase induced by alpha-MSH and Tp [4].
• The method is based on the production of pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA) on permanganate oxidation of eumelanin, followed by quantification by liquid chromatography [1].
• In melanoma patients (n = 45), the mean urinary excretions of PTCA, 6H5MI2C, 5-S-CD, and 4-AHP were 91, 926, 4070 and 3530 micromol/mol creatinine respectively [1].

Anatomical context of Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid

• The yields of pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid from melanosomes decrease in the following order: choroid > iris > RPE, and exhibit decreasing yields with age [5].

Associations of Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid with other chemical compounds

• For 118 urine samples from 10 control subjects, mean urinary excretions of PTCA, 6H5MI2C, 5-S-CD and 4-AHP were 19, 67, 37 and 59 micromol/mol creatinine respectively [1].
• This procedure has been utilized for the characterization of melanins and results in the well defined products, thiazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (TDCA) and pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA), which can be quantitated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [6].

Gene context of Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid

• In contrast, PTCA contents in albino and pink-eyed black melanocytes were reduced to less than 0.5% [7].
• Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA, degradation product of eumelanin) contents in agouti and dilute black melanocytes were slightly lower than in black melanocytes, while that in brown melanocytes was reduced to one-third [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid

• The degradation products, PTCA and AHP, were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography [8].
• The PTCA values obtained by means of HPLC were correlated with the near infrared spectrum of the respective samples [9].
• For epidemiological studies, chromatographic methods of determining pyrrole-2,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (PTCA; the principal marker of eumelanin) are long, laborious and unsuitable for screening large populations [9].
• A correlation between the PTCA values obtained by means of HPLC and the PTCA values obtained from an analysis of the spectra was obtained using the principal component regression (PCR) algorithm [9].

References