Disease relevance of Tomahawk

• Inactivation of the lipid-containing bacteriophage PM2 by butylate hydroxytoluene [1].

High impact information on Tomahawk

• Direct treatments of molinate and butylate on human lymphocytes applied 24 h after the beginning of culture did not induce SCE [2].
• In vivo and in vitro promutagen activation by Vicia faba of thiocarbamate herbicides molinate and butylate to products inducing sister chromatid exchanges in human lymphocyte cultures [2].
• When S10 extracts of the Vicia roots, treated for 4 h with molinate and butylate (in vivo activation) were added to lymphocytes (24 h after of the beginning of culture), SCE were induced in a concentration-response manner [2].
• Butylate was inactive in bone marrow, vernolate caused a marginal increase in the incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes only at a high toxic dose level [3].
• An automated reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method has been developed for the determination of trace concentrations of propoxur, carbofuran, carbaryl, propham, captan, chloropropham, barban and butylate in drinking water [4].

Biological context of Tomahawk

• Cytogenetic effect of the thiocarbamate herbicides butylate, molinate and vernolate in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test [3].
• Dose caused by inhalation of radioactive aerosols and ground contamination induced by Tomahawk missile impact are simulated using a Gaussian plume model (HOTSPOT code) [5].

Associations of Tomahawk with other chemical compounds

• Three thiocarbamate herbicides, butylate (S-ethyl-diisobutylthiocarbamate), vernolate (S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate) and molinate (S-ethyl-N,N-hexamethylenethiocarbamate) were assayed for cytogenetic effect in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus test [3].
• The optimum pH for the enzymatic function of this enzyme for methyl butylate was 8 [6].

References