Disease relevance of traR

• The TraR-activated promoter lies just downstream from the octopine catabolic genes, and transcribes six genes in addition to traR, including five genes (ophABCDE) that show strong homology to oligo-peptide permeases of Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus subtilis [1].
• ICEMlSym(R7A) encodes homologues of the traR and traI genes of Agrobacterium tumefaciens that regulate Ti plasmid transfer via quorum sensing [2].
• The RSAv element carries two open reading frames: ORF234 is homologous to the traR gene of the A. tumefaciens nopaline Ti plasmid pTiC58; ORF488 is homologous to the sucrose phosphorylase gene of Leuconostoc mesenteroides and the glucosyl transferase A gene of Streptococcus mutans [3].

High impact information on traR

• The presence of a plasmid with cloned island traR traI2 genes resulted in excision of ICEMlSym(R7A) in all cells regardless of culture density, indicating that excision may be similarly regulated [2].
• Although altered by deletions, arc(Chry5) is related to the five-gene arc operon that controls the expression of traR on pTiC58 [4].
• The alterations in the opines, in turn, necessitated a co-evolutionary change in the opine recognition systems responsible for controlling expression of the traR genes on these two types of Ti plasmids [4].
• We have discovered a second traR-like gene, trlR, on the octopine-mannityl opine-type Ti plasmids pTi15955 and pTiR10 [5].
• We show that the traR/traM locus is part of a quorum-sensing system unique to AK631 and propose that this locus is involved in regulating conjugal plasmid transfer [6].

Chemical compound and disease context of traR

• A simple, rapid, sensitive microtiter plate method detecting N-acyl homoserine lactone (HSL)-related compounds was established using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain harboring a traG::lacZ/traR reporter gene responsive to HSLs [7].

Biological context of traR

• Localization of OccR-activated and TraR-activated promoters that express two ABC-type permeases and the traR gene of Ti plasmid pTiR10 [1].
• Octopine-type Ti plasmids code for a mannopine-inducible dominant-negative allele of traR, the quorum-sensing activator that regulates Ti plasmid conjugal transfer [5].

Associations of traR with chemical compounds

• The octopine-type traR gene product is highly homologous to the TraR protein recently characterized from a nopaline-type Ti plasmid [8].

Other interactions of traR

• TraR activated target genes in the presence of AAI and also activated traR and traI themselves, creating two positive-feedback loops [8].
• The expression of tra, but not the growth rate, was partially restored by increasing the copy number of traR or by disrupting traM, a Ti plasmid gene coding for an antiactivator specific for TraR [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of traR

• Sequence analysis indicated that trlR is a frameshift allele of traR, and the resulting protein lacks the carboxy-terminal domain thought to constitute the DNA-binding region of TraR [5].
• Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and primer extension analyses indicated that the arc transcript initiates upstream of orfA and proceeds uninterrupted through traR [10].

References