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Gene Review:

ANGPTL2 - angiopoietin-like 2

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: ARP2, Angiopoietin-like protein 2, Angiopoietin-related protein 2, HARP, UNQ170/PRO196

Sun, H. et al., Kim, I. et al.

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High impact information on ANGPTL2

Recombinant ARP2 expressed in COS cells is secreted and glycosylated [1].
Endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells also contain ARP2 mRNA [1].
ARP2 has two consensus glycosylation sites and a highly hydrophobic region at the NH(2) terminus that is typical of a secretory signal sequence [1].
These results suggest that ARP2 may exert a function on endothelial cells through autocrine or paracrine action [1].
In human adult tissues, ARP2 mRNA is most abundant in heart, small intestine, spleen, and stomach [1].

Biological context of ANGPTL2

CONCLUSION: The upregulation of ANGPTL2 in diabetic glomerulopathy shows a close relationship to abnormal microvasculature and endothelial inflammation [2].

Anatomical context of ANGPTL2

ANGPTL2 mRNA upregulation was more prominent in glomeruli with less microaneurysm (22 vs. 66%, p < 0.05), inflammatory influx (6 vs. 50%, p < 0.05) or endothelial foam cell formation (11 vs. 53%, p < 0.05) [2].
Immunostaining revealed an upregulation of ANGPTL2 protein in hypertrophied diabetic glomeruli, mainly distributed in podocytes, which were supposed to be the origin of ANGPTL2 [2].
In rat embryos, ARP2 mRNA is most abundant in the blood vessels and skeletal muscles [1].

Other interactions of ANGPTL2

Using degenerate polymerase chain reaction, we isolated a cDNA encoding a novel 493-amino acid protein from human and mouse adult heart cDNAs and have designated it angiopoietin-related protein-2 (ARP2) [1].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of ANGPTL2

RESULTS: Consistent with the results of the gene chip experiment, abundant expression of ANGPTL2 was found more frequently in diabetic glomeruli as compared to donor controls (95 vs. 38%, chi(2) = 15.9, p < 0.01) [2].
The expression of ANGPTL2 was assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and then correlated with clinical and pathological indices of glomerular injury [2].

References

Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of angiopoietin-related protein. angiopoietin-related protein induces endothelial cell sprouting. Kim, I., Moon, S.O., Koh, K.N., Kim, H., Uhm, C.S., Kwak, H.J., Kim, N.G., Koh, G.Y. J. Biol. Chem. (1999) [Pubmed]
Enhanced expression of ANGPTL2 in the microvascular lesions of diabetic glomerulopathy. Sun, H., Zheng, J.M., Chen, S., Zeng, C.H., Liu, Z.H., Li, L.S. Nephron Exp. Nephrol. (2007) [Pubmed]

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