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Gene Review:

Lre3 - LINE retrotransposable element 3

Rattus norvegicus

Synonyms: L1Rn, LINE3, Lin3A

Ilves, H. et al., D'Ambrosio, E. et al., Thomas, B.B. et al., Servomaa, K. et al., Machida, S. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of Lre3

Severe hyperthermia, lethal to the cells, does not lead to L1Rn activation (actually a marked suppression is seen) and the mode of phenomic death is necrosis [1].

High impact information on Lre3

Sequencing of the clone indicated that it is closely related to a part of the LINE 3 sequence, one of the highly repetitive sequences present throughout mammalian genomes [2].
The genomic structure of the rat LINE (L1Rn) DNA element contains two overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) and apparently has a potential to code for a DNA/RNA-binding protein (in ORF1) and a reverse transcriptase (in ORF2) [3].
Our analysis indicates that the expression of a putative reverse transcriptase-encoded L1Rn ORF2 in vitro is regulated by reinitiation or internal initiation of translation but not by ribosomal frameshifting [3].
This member (LINE 3) is flanked by a perfect 14-base-pair (bp) direct repeat and is a full-length, or close-to-full-length, member of this family [4].
We present the DNA sequence of a 6.7-kilobase member of the rat long interspersed repeated DNA family (LINE or L1Rn) [4].

Biological context of Lre3

LINE 3 contains an approximately 100-bp A-rich right end, a number of long (greater than 400-bp) open reading frames, and a ca. 200-bp G + C-rich (ca. 60%) cluster near each terminus [4].
The structure of the regulatory region of the rat L1 (L1Rn, long interspersed repeated) DNA family of transposable elements [5].
The left end of rat L1 (L1Rn, long interspersed repeated) DNA which is a CpG island can function as a promoter [6].
METHODS: Heterozygote P23H-3 (Line 3) rats were studied [7].
Transcriptional activation of the L1Rn element can be very strong after the UV exposure: at least 70-fold [1].

Anatomical context of Lre3

To test whether L1Rn ORF1 and ORF2 are expressed as a fusion protein, a series of capped RNAs with progressive truncations containing one or both ORFs were prepared and translated in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate [3].
RESULTS: Both line 1 (faster degeneration) and line 3 (slower degeneration) showed progressive rod outer segment (ROS) shortening and outer nuclear layer (ONL) cell loss with age [8].
Quantitative determination of methylated CpG in satellite DNA I and in L1Rn DNA sequences extracted from rat kidney tissue and from rat kidney cell lines [9].
PURPOSE: To determine whether retinal transplantation can preserve visual responses in the superior colliculus (SC) of the S334ter-line-5 rat, a transgenic model for slow photoreceptor degeneration, which is more similar to human retinitis pigmentosa than the fast degeneration line 3 S334ter rat [10].

References

UV light and ionizing radiations cause programmed death of rat chloroleukaemia cells by inducing retropositions of a mobile DNA element (L1Rn). Servomaa, K., Rytömaa, T. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. (1990) [Pubmed]
A tissue-specific change in repetitive DNA in rats. Yokota, H., Iwasaki, T., Takahashi, M., Oishi, M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (1989) [Pubmed]
Translation of the rat LINE bicistronic RNAs in vitro involves ribosomal reinitiation instead of frameshifting. Ilves, H., Kahre, O., Speek, M. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1992) [Pubmed]
Structure of the highly repeated, long interspersed DNA family (LINE or L1Rn) of the rat. D'Ambrosio, E., Waitzkin, S.D., Witney, F.R., Salemme, A., Furano, A.V. Mol. Cell. Biol. (1986) [Pubmed]
The structure of the regulatory region of the rat L1 (L1Rn, long interspersed repeated) DNA family of transposable elements. Furano, A.V., Robb, S.M., Robb, F.T. Nucleic Acids Res. (1988) [Pubmed]
The left end of rat L1 (L1Rn, long interspersed repeated) DNA which is a CpG island can function as a promoter. Nur, I., Pascale, E., Furano, A.V. Nucleic Acids Res. (1988) [Pubmed]
Photoreceptor death, trophic factor expression, retinal oxygen status, and photoreceptor function in the P23H rat. Yu, D.Y., Cringle, S., Valter, K., Walsh, N., Lee, D., Stone, J. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (2004) [Pubmed]
P23H rhodopsin transgenic rat: correlation of retinal function with histopathology. Machida, S., Kondo, M., Jamison, J.A., Khan, N.W., Kononen, L.T., Sugawara, T., Bush, R.A., Sieving, P.A. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. (2000) [Pubmed]
Quantitative determination of methylated CpG in satellite DNA I and in L1Rn DNA sequences extracted from rat kidney tissue and from rat kidney cell lines. Dante, R. Eur. J. Biochem. (1988) [Pubmed]
Superior colliculus responses to light - preserved by transplantation in a slow degeneration rat model. Thomas, B.B., Seiler, M.J., Sadda, S.R., Aramant, R.B. Exp. Eye Res. (2004) [Pubmed]

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