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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Gene Review: 

AIS2  -  autoimmune susceptibility 2

Homo sapiens

 
 
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Disease relevance of AIS2

  • However, seatbelt only restraints showed the greatest risk reduction for AIS2 spinal injuries [1].
  • We report the results of three years of the population-based, prospective Swiss NeuroPaediatric Stroke Registry (SNPSR) of children (up to 16 years) with childhood arterial ischaemic stroke (AIS1), neonatal stroke (AIS2), or symptomatic sinus venous thrombosis (SVT) [2].
  • The predominant form of head injury recorded was low severity concussion--AIS-1, AIS-2, AIS-3 [3].
  • While females were at much greater risk of serious injury (AIS > or = 3) when aged > or = 70 years, the effects of aging were more obvious in the cases with chest injuries rated at AIS 2 [4].
  • Serious non-fracture knee injuries (i.e. ligament tears) rated AIS 2 accounted for 20 out of every 1000 injuries and predominantly occurred at deltaVs below 25 kmph [5].
 

High impact information on AIS2

  • Although the injuries were predominantly minor (Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 1), two children sustained moderate injury (AIS 2), and one child sustained severe injury (AIS 3) [6].
  • RESULTS: 33/48 children (22 AIS 1, 11 AIS 2) participated in the study [7].
  • 80 children (54 males) have been included, 40 AIS1, 23 AIS2, and 17 SVT [2].
  • Anatomic profile (AP) components A, B, and C summarize serious injuries (greater than AIS 2) to the head/brain or spinal cord; to the thorax or front of the neck; and all remaining serious injuries [8].
  • The average resultant head acceleration for AIS 2 neck injuries was 112g, while resultant neck force was 4925N and moment 241Nm [9].
 

Other interactions of AIS2

  • Moderate injuries (AIS-2) accounted for 69% of the cost and made up 48% of the injuries, whereas minor injuries (AIS-1) accounted for 12% of the cost and constituted 49% of all injuries [10].
 

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AIS2

  • Fuller overlaps (> 50%) tended to give more torso injuries rated > or = AIS 2 caused by seat belt loads and, at high speeds (53-79km/h), caused the most fatalities [11].

References

  1. Motor vehicle restraint system use and risk of spine injury. Reed, M.A., Naftel, R.P., Carter, S., Maclennan, P.A., McGwin, G., Rue, L.W. Traffic injury prevention. (2006) [Pubmed]
  2. The first three years of the Swiss Neuropaediatric Stroke Registry (SNPSR): a population-based study of incidence, symptoms and risk factors. Steinlin, M., Pfister, I., Pavlovic, J., Everts, R., Boltshauser, E., Capone Mori, A., Gubser Mercati, D., Hänggeli, C.A., Keller, E., Luetschg, J., Marcoz, J., Ramelli, G.P., Roulet Perez, E., Schmitt-Mechelke, T., Weissert, M. Neuropediatrics. (2005) [Pubmed]
  3. The protective performance of bicyclists' helmets in accidents. Williams, M. Accident; analysis and prevention. (1991) [Pubmed]
  4. Chest and abdominal injuries caused by seat belt loading. Hill, J.R., Mackay, G.M., Morris, A.P. Accident; analysis and prevention. (1994) [Pubmed]
  5. Knee injuries in motor vehicle collisions: a study of the National Accident Sampling System database for the years 1979-1995. Atkinson, T., Atkinson, P. Accident; analysis and prevention. (2000) [Pubmed]
  6. Motor vehicle occupant injuries in noncrash events. Agran, P.F. Pediatrics (1981) [Pubmed]
  7. Neuropsychological problems after paediatric stroke: two year follow-up of Swiss children. Pavlovic, J., Kaufmann, F., Boltshauser, E., Capone Mori, A., Gubser Mercati, D., Haenggeli, C.A., Keller, E., Lütschg, J., Marcoz, J.P., Ramelli, G.P., Roulet Perez, E., Schmitt-Mechelke, T., Weissert, M., Steinlin, M. Neuropediatrics. (2006) [Pubmed]
  8. Progress in characterizing anatomic injury. Copes, W.S., Champion, H.R., Sacco, W.J., Lawnick, M.M., Gann, D.S., Gennarelli, T., MacKenzie, E., Schwaitzberg, S. The Journal of trauma. (1990) [Pubmed]
  9. Neck injury tolerance under inertial loads in side impacts. McIntosh, A.S., Kallieris, D., Frechede, B. Accident; analysis and prevention (2007) [Pubmed]
  10. Economic impact of injuries according to type of injury. Lindqvist, K. Croat. Med. J. (2002) [Pubmed]
  11. Appropriate frontal barrier tests for belted occupants. Hill, J.R., Frampton, R.J., Mackay, M. Accident; analysis and prevention. (1995) [Pubmed]
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