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Gene Review:

stmn1-b - stathmin 1

Xenopus laevis

Maucuer, A. et al., Tournebize, R. et al., Andersen, S.S. et al., Niethammer, P. et al., Belmont, L.D. et al.

Andersen, Ashford, Tournebize, Gavet, Sobel, Hyman, Karsenti,

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High impact information on XO35

Op18/stathmin is a microtubule regulator that preferentially interacts with unpolymerized subunits [1].
Mitotic chromatin regulates phosphorylation of Stathmin/Op18 [2].
Screening of Xenopus oocyte and brain cDNA libraries with a rat stathmin cDNA probe allowed us to isolate several stathmin-related cDNA clones, among which clone XO35 encodes the Xenopus homologue of stathmin whose deduced amino acid sequence is 79% identical to and displays most of the characteristic structural features of the mammalian protein [3].
In particular, one of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase and the two "proline-directed" kinase-specific sites known to be phosphorylated in rat stathmin are also present in the Xenopus protein [3].
The immunoreactive protein in Xenopus laevis displayed, like mammalian stathmin, several nonphosphorylated and phosphorylated heat-soluble forms with distinct migration on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis [3].

Biological context of XO35

Altogether, our results demonstrate the high evolutionary conservation of stathmin together with the members of its related gene family, not only at the level of their molecular structures, but also of their biochemical and biological regulation [3].
During Xenopus oogenesis, stathmin accumulates and remains stable as a maternal product throughout early development [3].
We have also shown that Stathmin/Op18 is one of the factors regulated by mitotic chromatin that governs preferential microtubule growth around chromosomes during spindle assembly [2].
Type 2A phosphatases are required to maintain the short steady-state length of microtubules in mitosis by regulating the level of microtubule catastrophes, in part by controlling the the microtubule-destabilizing activity and phosphorylation of Op18/stathmin [4].
We visualized such intracellular gradients by monitoring the interaction between tubulin and a regulator of microtubule dynamics, stathmin, using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor [5].

References

Identification of a protein that interacts with tubulin dimers and increases the catastrophe rate of microtubules. Belmont, L.D., Mitchison, T.J. Cell (1996) [Pubmed]
Mitotic chromatin regulates phosphorylation of Stathmin/Op18. Andersen, S.S., Ashford, A.J., Tournebize, R., Gavet, O., Sobel, A., Hyman, A.A., Karsenti, E. Nature (1997) [Pubmed]
Stathmin gene family: phylogenetic conservation and developmental regulation in Xenopus. Maucuer, A., Moreau, J., Méchali, M., Sobel, A. J. Biol. Chem. (1993) [Pubmed]
Distinct roles of PP1 and PP2A-like phosphatases in control of microtubule dynamics during mitosis. Tournebize, R., Andersen, S.S., Verde, F., Dorée, M., Karsenti, E., Hyman, A.A. EMBO J. (1997) [Pubmed]
Stathmin-tubulin interaction gradients in motile and mitotic cells. Niethammer, P., Bastiaens, P., Karsenti, E. Science (2004) [Pubmed]

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