Disease relevance of DAD-R

• In addition, our results also imply differences in expression regulation of DAD-R between seminomas and nonseminomas [1].
• A low level of DAD-R expression is also observed in normal testicular parenchyma and in parenchyma containing the precursor cells of this cancer, i.e., carcinoma in situ [1].

High impact information on DAD-R

• Whereas EKI1 maps close to the telomeric region of the SROA, DAD-R is the first gene at the centromeric region within the 12p amplicon [1].
• Therefore, elevated DAD-R expression in seminomas and nonseminomas correlates with invasive growth and a reduced level of apoptosis associated with an earlier clinical presentation [1].
• DAD-R is also highly expressed in nonseminomas of various histologies and derived cell lines, both lacking such amplification [1].
• A novel human processed gene, DAD-R, maps to 12p12 and is expressed in several organs [2].
• The genomic sequence of this novel processed gene, DAD-R, lacked introns and was flanked by 8 bp terminal repeats [2].

Biological context of DAD-R

• In contrast, seminomas lacking a restricted 12p amplification, showing significantly lower levels of DAD-R with pronounced apoptosis, manifest clinically in the fourth decade of life [1].
• DAD-R has several possible initiation codons, one of them producing an open reading frame comprising 75% of the DAD-1 gene [2].
• A search for expressed sequences within the contig have so far revealed one CpG island, seven anonymous ESTs and three previously characterised genes, DAD-R, KRAG and HT21, all of which were found not to be directly disrupted by the translocation [3].
• Southern hybridization suggests that dad-1-related sequences are present as a small gene family in the citrus genome [4].

Anatomical context of DAD-R

• We determined the chromosomal localization of DAD-R as 12p11.2-12p12.1, an area linked to familial synpolydactyly and frequently amplified in a variety of cancers, including those of testis, ovaries, pancreas and lungs [2].

References