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GPAM  -  glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase,...

Homo sapiens

Synonyms: GPAT, GPAT-1, GPAT1, Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 1, mitochondrial, KIAA1560, ...
 
 
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High impact information on GPAM

  • Ectopic expression of GPAT3 leads to a significant increase in N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive GPAT activity, whereas acyltransferase activity toward a variety of other lysophospholipids, as well as neutral lipid substrates, is not altered [1].
  • A substantial loss of GPAT activity in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was achieved by reducing GPAT3 mRNA levels through GPAT3-specific siRNA knockdown [1].
  • Acyl-CoA:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) catalyzes the first step during de novo synthesis of triacylglycerol [1].
  • Although the mitochondrial-associated GPAT has been cloned and extensively characterized, the molecular identity of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated GPAT, which accounts for the majority of total GPAT activity in most tissues, has remained elusive [1].
  • GPA expresses M or N blood group antigen depending on the allelic gene (GPAM gene or GPAN gene), while GPB expresses only the N antigen [2].
 

Biological context of GPAM

  • To delineate evolutionary events leading to the formation of the sequences for M or N blood group type determinant in the members of human glycophorin gene family, the nucleotide sequences of a 1.45-kilobase pair region including the 3' part of intron 1, exon 2, and the entire intron 2 were compared for GPAM, GPAN, GPB, and GPE genes [2].
  • The lectin reacted well with ONN substance and with glycophorin A of the N phenotype (GPAN), but did not react with OMM substance or GPAM [3].
  • These effects, along with the concomitant measurement of lipid peroxidation, indicate that microsomal GPAT activity is inactivated by lipid peroxidation in a sensitive and rapid fashion [4].
  • Assignment of Gpam to distal mouse chromosome 19 by linkage analysis [5].
  • The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of age, muscle type, and IGF-II genotype (Apat, mutant allele vs. Gpat, wild-type allele) on muscle proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activities [6].
 

Anatomical context of GPAM

  • Red blood cells from individuals with the blood group MN express each form of the allelic GPA protein (GPAM and GPAN) on their cell surface [7].
  • Rat liver microsomal GPAT was assayed after preincubating the microsomes under conditions known to induce peroxidation [4].
  • This increase was consistent with the 11-fold increase we observed in N-ethylmaleimide (NEM)-resistant mitochondrial GPAT activity during adipocyte differentiation [8].
  • Subcellular fractionation studies confirmed previous findings that rat liver glycerophosphate acyltransferase (GPAT) was located both in mitochondria and the microsomal fraction [9].

References

  1. Molecular identification of microsomal acyl-CoA:glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, a key enzyme in de novo triacylglycerol synthesis. Cao, J., Li, J.L., Li, D., Tobin, J.F., Gimeno, R.E. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2006) [Pubmed]
  2. Contribution of gene conversion to the retention of the sequence for M blood group type determinant in glycophorin E gene. Kudo, S., Fukuda, M. J. Biol. Chem. (1994) [Pubmed]
  3. Immunochemical studies on the combining site of the A + N blood type specific Moluccella laevis lectin. Duk, M., Mitra, D., Lisowska, E., Kabat, E.A., Sharon, N., Lis, H. Carbohydr. Res. (1992) [Pubmed]
  4. Lipid peroxidation inactivates rat liver microsomal glycerol-3-phosphate acyl transferase. Effect of iron and copper salts and carbon tetrachloride. Thomas, P.D., Poznansky, M.J. J. Biol. Chem. (1990) [Pubmed]
  5. Assignment of Gpam to distal mouse chromosome 19 by linkage analysis. Welch, C.L., Xia, Y.R., Edwards, P.A., Lusis, A.J., Ericsson, J. Mamm. Genome (1998) [Pubmed]
  6. Effect of age, muscle type, and insulin-like growth factor-II genotype on muscle proteolytic and lipolytic enzyme activities in boars. Van den Maagdenberg, K., Claeys, E., Stinckens, A., Buys, N., De Smet, S. J. Anim. Sci. (2007) [Pubmed]
  7. Improved determination of variant erythrocytes at the glycophorin A (GPA) locus and variant frequency in patients treated with radioiodine for thyroid cancer. Schiwietz, J., Lorenz, R., Scheubeck, M., Börner, W., Hempel, K. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. (1996) [Pubmed]
  8. Expression and identification of p90 as the murine mitochondrial glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. Yet, S.F., Lee, S., Hahm, Y.T., Sul, H.S. Biochemistry (1993) [Pubmed]
  9. Effect of 3- and 4-thia-substituted fatty acids on glycerolipid metabolism and mitochondrial beta-oxidation in rat liver. Skorve, J., Ruyter, B., Rustan, A.C., Christiansen, E.N., Drevon, C.A., Berge, R.K. Biochem. Pharmacol. (1990) [Pubmed]
 
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