Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Moore, B.B. et al.

Moore, Coffey, Christensen, Sitterding, Ngan, Wilke, McDonald, Phare, Peters-Golden, Paine, Toews,

GM-CSF regulates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via a prostaglandin-dependent mechanism.

To characterize the role of GM-CSF in pulmonary fibrosis, we have studied bleomycin-induced fibrosis in wild-type mice vs mice with a targeted deletion of the GM-CSF gene (GM-CSF-/- mice). Without GM-CSF, pulmonary fibrosis was worse both histologically and quantitatively. These changes were not related to enhanced recruitment of inflammatory cells because wild-type and GM-CSF-/- mice recruited equivalent numbers of cells to the lung following bleomycin. Interestingly, recruitment of eosinophils was absent in GM-CSF-/- mice. We investigated whether the enhanced fibrotic response in GM-CSF-/- animals was due to a deficiency in an endogenous down-regulator of fibrogenesis. Analysis of whole lung homogenates from saline- or bleomycin-treated mice revealed that GM-CSF-/- animals had reduced levels of PGE2. Additionally, alveolar macrophages were harvested from wild-type and GM-CSF-/- mice that had been exposed to bleomycin. Although bleomycin treatment impaired the ability of alveolar macrophages from wild-type mice to synthesize PGE2, alveolar macrophages from GM-CSF-/- mice exhibited a significantly greater defect in PGE2 synthesis than did wild-type cells. Exogenous addition of GM-CSF to alveolar macrophages reversed the PGE2 synthesis defect in vitro. Administration of the PG synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, to wild-type mice during the fibrogenic phase postbleomycin worsened the severity of fibrosis, implying a causal role for PGE2 deficiency in the evolution of the fibrotic lesion. These data demonstrate that GM-CSF deficiency results in enhanced fibrogenesis in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis and indicate that one mechanism for this effect is impaired production of the potent antifibrotic eicosanoid, PGE2.[1]

References

GM-CSF regulates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via a prostaglandin-dependent mechanism. Moore, B.B., Coffey, M.J., Christensen, P., Sitterding, S., Ngan, R., Wilke, C.A., McDonald, R., Phare, S.M., Peters-Golden, M., Paine, R., Toews, G.B. J. Immunol. (2000) [Pubmed]

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