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Padgette, S.R. et al.

Site-directed mutagenesis of a conserved region of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase active site.

The active site of the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) has been probed using site-directed mutagenesis and inhibitor binding techniques. Replacement of a specific glycyl with an alanyl or a prolyl with a seryl residue in a highly conserved region confers glyphosate tolerance to several bacterial and plant EPSPS enzymes, suggesting a high degree of structural conservation between these enzymes. The glycine to alanine substitution corresponding to Escherichia coli EPSPS G96A increases the Ki(app) (glyphosate) of petunia EPSPS 5000-fold while increasing the Km(app)(phosphoenolpyruvate) about 40-fold. Substitution of this glycine with serine, however, abolishes EPSPS activity but results in the elicitation of a novel EPSP hydrolase activity whereby EPSP is converted to shikimate 3-phosphate and pyruvate. This highly conserved region is critical for the interaction of the phosphate moiety of phosphoenolpyruvate with EPSPS.[1]

References

Site-directed mutagenesis of a conserved region of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase active site. Padgette, S.R., Re, D.B., Gasser, C.S., Eichholtz, D.A., Frazier, R.B., Hironaka, C.M., Levine, E.B., Shah, D.M., Fraley, R.T., Kishore, G.M. J. Biol. Chem. (1991) [Pubmed]

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