Two doses of PMPA protect newborn macaques against oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
BACKGROUND: Simple and affordable intervention strategies are needed to reduce the rate of HIV transmission from mother to infant in developing countries. Simian immunodeficiency virus ( SIV) infection of newborn rhesus macaques is considered to be a useful model of human pediatric HIV infection. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether short-term 9-[2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA) administration can protect newborn rhesus macaques against perinatal SIV infection. DESIGN AND METHODS: Eight newborn macaques were inoculated orally with highly virulent SIVmac within the first 3 days of life. Four of these animals were untreated controls. The other four animals were given one dose of PMPA (30 mg/kg subcutaneously) 4 h before oral SIV inoculation, and were then given a second and final dose of PMPA 24 h later. RESULTS: All four untreated control animals were persistently SIV-positive within 2 weeks after virus inoculation. In contrast, no virus could be detected in the four animals that received two doses of PMPA; these animals were seronegative and healthy at 10 months. CONCLUSIONS: Two doses of PMPA prevented SIV infection of newborn macaques. Our data suggest that short-term administration of PMPA to HIV-infected pregnant women at the onset of labor and to their newborns after delivery may reduce the rate of intrapartum HIV transmission.[1]References
- Two doses of PMPA protect newborn macaques against oral simian immunodeficiency virus infection. Van Rompay, K.K., Berardi, C.J., Aguirre, N.L., Bischofberger, N., Lietman, P.S., Pedersen, N.C., Marthas, M.L. AIDS (1998) [Pubmed]
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