Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)

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Seymour, J.F. et al.

Seymour, Begley, Dirksen, Presneill, Nicola, Moore, Schoch, van Asperen, Roth, Burdach, Dunn,

Attenuated hematopoietic response to granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor in patients with acquired pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

The pathogenesis of acquired pulmonary alveolar proteinosis ( PAP), a rare lung disease characterized by excessive surfactant accumulation within the alveolar space, remains obscure. Gene-targeted mice lacking the hematopoietic growth factor granulocyte-macrophage colony- stimulating factor ( GM-CSF) or the signal-transducing beta-common chain of the GM-CSF receptor have impaired surfactant clearance and pulmonary pathology resembling human PAP. We therefore investigated the hematopoietic effects of GM-CSF in patients with PAP. The hematologic response of 5 infants with congenital PAP to 5 microgram/kg/d was of normal magnitude. By contrast, despite normal expression of GM-CSF receptor alpha- and beta-common chains on peripheral blood myelomonocytic cells (n = 6) and normal binding affinity of bone marrow mononuclear cells for GM-CSF (n = 3), each of the 12 patients with acquired PAP treated displayed impaired responses to GM-CSF; 5 microgram/kg/d produced only minor eosinophilia, and doses of 7.5 to 20 microgram/kg were required to induce >/=1.5-fold neutrophil increments in the 3 patients who underwent dose-escalation. However, neutrophilic responses to 5 microgram/kg granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ( G-CSF) were normal (n = 4). In vitro, the proportion of hematopoietic progenitors responsive to GM-CSF (16.1% +/- 8.9%; P = .042) or interleukin-3 (IL-3; 19.3% +/- 7.7%; P = .063), both of which utilize the beta-common chain of the GM-CSF receptor complex, were reduced among patients with acquired PAP (n = 4) compared with normal bone marrow donor controls (47.2% +/- 25.9% and 40.9% +/- 18.6%, respectively). In the one individual who had complete resolution of lung disease during the period of study, this was temporally associated with correction of this defective in vitro response to GM-CSF and IL-3 on serial assessment. These data establish that patients with acquired PAP have an associated impaired responsiveness to GM-CSF that is potentially pathogenic in the development of their lung disease. Based on these observations, we propose a model of the pathogenesis of acquired PAP that suggests the disease arises as a consequence of an acquired clonal disorder within the hematopoietic progenitor cell compartment.[1]

References

Attenuated hematopoietic response to granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients with acquired pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. Seymour, J.F., Begley, C.G., Dirksen, U., Presneill, J.J., Nicola, N.A., Moore, P.E., Schoch, O.D., van Asperen, P., Roth, B., Burdach, S., Dunn, A.R. Blood (1998) [Pubmed]

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