Disease relevance of UPK1A

• UPIa and UPII were detected superficially only in well differentiated transitional cell carcinoma papillae [1].
• Tamm-Horsfall protein binds to type 1 fimbriated Escherichia coli and prevents E. coli from binding to uroplakin Ia and Ib receptors [2].

High impact information on UPK1A

• Human UPIa contained exclusively high mannose glycans, and human UPIb contained only complex glycans [3].
• UPIa presents a high level of terminally exposed mannose residues (located on Man(6)GlcNAc(2) to Man(9)GlcNAc(2)) that are capable of specifically interacting with FimH [3].
• Distinct glycan structures of uroplakins Ia and Ib: structural basis for the selective binding of FimH adhesin to uroplakin Ia [3].
• In cornea and conjunctiva, the expressions of uroplakin Ia, II, and III were also examined by RT-PCR [4].
• High expression of human uroplakin Ia in urinary bladder transitional cell carcinoma [5].

Biological context of UPK1A

• The human uroplakin Ia promoter identified has potential use in future gene therapy strategies to restrict transgene expression to the urothelium [6].

Anatomical context of UPK1A

• Although UPIa and UPIb are structurally conserved, only UPIb could exit from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and reach the cell surface when expressed alone in 293T cells [7].
• These results confirm that in human tissues the expression of UPIa and UPII genes is highly specific to urothelium and suggest that the tight differentiation-restricted expression of uroplakin genes in normal urothelium is lost following malignant transformation [8].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of UPK1A

• By in situ hybridization, UPIa and UPII were confined to superficial cells and UPIb was also expressed by intermediate cells [1].

References