Disease relevance of Conjunctiva

• Treatment of sensitized animals with neutralizing antibodies with specificity for MIP-1alpha also inhibited hypersensitivity in the conjunctiva [1].
• CONCLUSIONS: ST3Gal III gene is less expressed in pterygium than in normal conjunctiva [2].
• A significant correlation was observed between plasma levels of NGF and the number of mast cells in the tarsal conjunctiva (Cc = 0.81; P < 0.005) and bulbar conjunctiva (Cc = 0.77; P < 0.01) of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis [3].
• A total of 21 squamous-cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (SCC) and 22 control subjects had conjunctival samples tested for human papillomavirus (HPV) types using PCR-based assays [4].
• In conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), epithelial morphology and the presence or absence of mucin spots and goblet cells allow samples, obtained by applying filter paper to the temporal conjunctiva, to be characterized as normal or typical of vitamin A-deficient keratinizing metaplasia [5].

High impact information on Conjunctiva

• We assessed symptom score by diary cards and inflammatory-cell infiltrate, and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the conjunctiva after specific allergen challenge at enrollment and after 12 and 24 months of treatment [6].
• In order to identify gonococcal factors essential for invading Chang human conjunctiva cells, a gentamicin selection assay for the quantification of viable intracellular bacteria was used in conjunction with microscopy [7].
• The sera recognized a 205-kDa protein in human epidermal, human conjunctiva, and tumor cell lysates that was identified as beta 4-integrin by its reaction with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to human beta 4-integrin [8].
• Hydrocortisone reduced in vivo, inflammation-induced slow rolling of leukocytes and their extravasation into human conjunctiva [9].
• Histamine and prostaglandin E2, on the other hand, caused protein leakage in the conjunctiva but not in the dura of rats; however, histamine did induce extravasation in the dura of guinea pigs.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)[10]

Chemical compound and disease context of Conjunctiva

• In this study, the expression of two main genes correlated to cholesterol metabolism--namely, the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) gene and the hydroxy-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A-reductase (HMG-CoA-R) gene--were investigated in primary pterygium, pinguecula, and normal conjunctiva [11].
• Four patients with stage III Kaposi's sarcoma of the bulbar conjunctiva were treated with fluorescein angiography-based surgical excision [12].
• A device to measure surface oxygen tension of the palpebral conjunctiva (PcjO2) was developed and tested in 12 mongrel dogs subjected to normoxia, hyperoxia, and hypoxia [13].
• To clarify the role of histamine H1 receptors in allergic conjunctivitis, changes in vascular permeability of the conjunctiva were measured in histamine H1 receptor deficient mice [14].
• Additional findings support the conjunctiva as being a primary source of bacteria causing postoperative endophthalmitis as well as the ability of povidone-iodine to reduce the conjunctival bacterial load [15].

Biological context of Conjunctiva

• Single and double immunohistochemical analyses revealed that the mast cells in the conjunctiva of the limbus, fornices, and lid margin were strongly RMCP I+, suggesting that they were of the connective tissue phenotype [16].
• Specifically, a 107-bp enhancer and a 1.1-kb sequence within the 4.6-kb untranslated region upstream of exon 0 are required to mediate Pax6 expression in the lens, cornea, lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, or pancreas, respectively [17].
• The effect of platelet-activating factor (PAF), histamine, and ethanol on vascular permeability of the guinea pig conjunctiva [18].
• Injury by H(2)O(2) may directly affect vital membrane components (e.g., Na(+),K(+)-ATPase) involved in active ion transport across conjunctiva [19].
• Expression of the epithelial cell mucins was assayed by reverse transcription, real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot analysis, or immunohistochemistry and compared with expression in native cornea and conjunctiva [20].

Anatomical context of Conjunctiva

• Eosinophil infiltration into the conjunctiva was significantly reduced in wild-type mice by the anti-4-1BB Ab treatment during either induction or effector phase [21].
• Accordingly, high concentrations of C4BP were required to inhibit binding of N. gonorrhoeae to Chang conjunctiva cells, and no inhibition of binding was observed with cervical epithelial cells [22].
• GLUT1 mRNA and protein levels are very high in conjunctiva and oral mucosa, 2-3 times higher than in epidermis reconstituted in culture [23].
• M cells in the follicle-associated epithelium of the rabbit conjunctiva preferentially bind and translocate latex beads [24].
• PURPOSE: To characterize quantitatively the paracellular permeation routes in rabbit cornea, conjunctiva, and sclera using polyethylene glycol (PEG) oligomers [25].

Associations of Conjunctiva with chemical compounds

• Extravasated 125I-BSA or Evans blue was noted in the dura and conjunctiva but not in the temporalis muscle of saline-perfused rats following intravenous capsaicin, 1 mumol/kg [10].
• Neonatal capsaicin pretreatment did not attenuate SP- nor NKA-induced effects in the dura and actually increased extravasation in the conjunctiva [10].
• The tear clearance rate is measured by fluorescein dye dilution in the conjunctiva [26].
• Three adult patients with Bitot's spots of the conjunctiva were observed in the American Southwest; all were in good health without obvious cause for vitamin A deficiency [27].
• These results indicate that following cyclooxygenase inhibition by indomethacin rabbit conjunctiva and anterior uvea generate SRS-like activity from arachidonic acid via lipoxygenase pathways [28].

Gene context of Conjunctiva

• The stratified epithelia of the cornea and conjunctiva synthesize MUC1 mucin [29].
• Quantification of MUC2 and MUC5AC transcripts in human conjunctiva [30].
• This increased subepithelial B7-2 expression may contribute to the sustained immune activation in OCP conjunctiva [31].
• CONCLUSIONS: In the present study, an increased expression of CTGF was recorded in conjunctiva of patients with OCP [32].
• CONCLUSIONS: The mucins MUC4 and MUC5 are expressed by the human conjunctiva [33].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of Conjunctiva

• I kappa B zeta expression in normal mouse cornea and conjunctiva was examined by RT-PCR [34].
• Iontophoresis of 5-fluorouracil into the conjunctiva and sclera [35].
• METHODS: Mouse conjunctiva was homogenized and subjected to electrophoresis and Western blotting to detect PGP 9.5 (indicates nerves), muscarinic receptor subtypes (indicates parasympathetic pathway), and adrenergic receptors (indicates sympathetic pathway) [36].
• The conjunctiva of the adult Sprague-Dawley rat was studied by light microscopy of 3 micron glycol methacrylate sections of whole eyes with lids and by electron microscopy of conjunctiva from the lower fornix [37].
• By quantitative real-time PCR, a 3.2-fold increase in the expression of CTGF was detected in conjunctival tissues obtained from patients with OCP, compared with control conjunctiva [32].

References