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Gene Review:

phoN - non-specific acid phosphatase

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2

Groisman, E.A. et al., Makde, R.D. et al., Kier, L.D. et al., Macaskie, L.E. et al., Kasahara, M. et al., et al.

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Disease relevance of phoN

Upstream of the phoN gene in Salmonella is a sequence with high similarity to the oriT region of incFII plasmids, suggesting that the phoN gene, and perhaps the entire loop structure, was acquired by lateral transmission in a plasmid-mediated event [1].
Results of the enzyme assay and Southern hybridization with chromosomal DNA of Escherichia coli K-12 suggests that there is no phoN gene in E. coli [2].
One of these, phoP, was cotransducible by phage P22 with purB, whereas the second, phoN, was cotransducible by phage P1 with purA [3].
Amino acid sequencing of peptide fragments of the purified enzyme revealed significant homology to the phoN product (acid phosphatase) of some other enterobacteria [4].
Non-specific acid phosphatase activity, assayed in 14 Gram-negative species, was detected only in Morganella morganii and Providencia stuartii, organisms with low genomic G+C contents [1].

High impact information on phoN

The 1.4 kb region containing phoN had an overall base composition of 43% G+C, while the G+C content at the third positions of codons in the phoN reading frame is only 39%, much lower than the Salmonella chromosome which averages 52% [1].
To evaluate the genetic basis for the structure and organization of the enteric bacterial genomes, we examined the gene encoding a non-specific acid phosphatase (phoN) which maps to a loop at 96 min on the S.typhimurium chromosome [1].
Regulation of nonspecific acid phosphatase in Salmonella: phoN and phoP genes [3].
The nucleotide sequence of the cloned gene differs from the corresponding S. typhimurium LT2 sequence at 23 residues, leading to 15 amino-acid differences, but was very close to the S. typhi phoN sequence (only three nucleotide and two amino-acid differences) [5].

Other interactions of phoN

These data suggest that phoN might be a structural locus for nonspecific acid phosphatase [3].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of phoN

Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of recombinant class A non-specific acid phosphatase of Salmonella typhimurium [5].
Protein engineering of class-A non-specific acid phosphatase (PhoN) of Salmonella typhimurium: Modulation of the pH-activity profile [6].

References

Horizontal transfer of a phosphatase gene as evidence for mosaic structure of the Salmonella genome. Groisman, E.A., Saier, M.H., Ochman, H. EMBO J. (1992) [Pubmed]
Molecular analysis of the Salmonella typhimurium phoN gene, which encodes nonspecific acid phosphatase. Kasahara, M., Nakata, A., Shinagawa, H. J. Bacteriol. (1991) [Pubmed]
Regulation of nonspecific acid phosphatase in Salmonella: phoN and phoP genes. Kier, L.D., Weppelman, R.M., Ames, B.N. J. Bacteriol. (1979) [Pubmed]
Phosphatase-mediated heavy metal accumulation by a Citrobacter sp. and related enterobacteria. Macaskie, L.E., Bonthrone, K.M., Rouch, D.A. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. (1994) [Pubmed]
Purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of recombinant class A non-specific acid phosphatase of Salmonella typhimurium. Makde, R.D., Kumar, V., Rao, A.S., Yadava, V.S., Mahajan, S.K. Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. (2003) [Pubmed]
Protein engineering of class-A non-specific acid phosphatase (PhoN) of Salmonella typhimurium: Modulation of the pH-activity profile. Makde, R.D., Dikshit, K., Kumar, V. Biomol. Eng. (2006) [Pubmed]

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