High impact information on GCAT

• Mapping of in vivo DNA-protein interactions in the CD11c proximal promoter revealed three adjacent myeloid-specific interactions, one of which lies on an octamer consensus sequence, ATTT GCAT (Oct185) [1].
• Thin films of the short single strand of DNA, GCAT, in which guanine (G) or adenine (A) have been removed, were bombarded under vacuum by 4 to 15 eV electrons [2].
• DNA damage by low-energy electrons (LEE) was examined using a novel system in which thin solid films of oligonucleotide tetramers (CGTA and GCAT) were irradiated with monoenergetic electrons (10 eV) under ultrahigh vacuum [3].
• Electron density maps indicated the presence in the crystal of the Schiff base intermediate of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate and PLP, an external aldimine, which remained bound to KBL throughout the protein purification procedure [4].
• 2-Amino-3-ketobutyrate CoA ligase (KBL, EC 2.3.1.29) is a pyridoxal phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme, which catalyzes the second reaction step on the main metabolic degradation pathway for threonine [4].

Biological context of GCAT

• The human and murine KBL transcripts are 1.5 kb long, with ORFs encoding proteins of 419 and 416 residues, respectively [5].
• Database searches with the human cDNA sequence enabled us to identify the human KBL gene on chromosome 22q12-13, consisting of nine exons over 9 kb, and a hypothetical Caenorhabditis elegans KLB gene on chromosome IV, consisting of five exons over 2 kb [5].
• The observed interactions between the aldimine and the side chains in the substrate binding site explain the specificity for the substrate and provide the basis for a detailed proposal of the reaction mechanism of KBL [4].
• Lastly, a comparative study is made between The Single and Binary release kinetics to correlate the diffusivity rate constant (KBL) and diffusion Coefficient (Da) which have been estimated according to Baker-Lonsdale method at pH 1.2 [6].

Associations of GCAT with chemical compounds

• Two peptide sequences from the purified bovine KBL protein, one from the N-terminus and the other from the peptide containing the pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-binding lysine residue [Tong, H. & Davis, L. (1994) J. Biol. Chem. 269, 4057-4064], are identical with regions of the conceptual translation of the transcript obtained from bovine liver [5].
• The relative proportions of cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in normal plasma are therefore near the equilibrium ratio for the reaction carried out by GCAT, or the ratio is controlled by the properties of the lipoproteins themselves [7].

Other interactions of GCAT

• Effect of four genes (ALDH1, NRF1, JAM and KBL) on proliferation arrest in a non-small cell bronchopulmonary cancer line [8].
• In the Oct-1 crystal, the POU-specific domain recognizes a GCAT half-site, while the corresponding sequence recognized by the Pit-1 POU-specific domain, GTAT, is on the opposing strand [9].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of GCAT

• The fragments corresponding to base release and strand breaks (SB) were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography and their yields compared with those obtained from unmodified GCAT [2].
• It is concluded that provided procedures are standardised, Diazochrome KBL film is an inexpensive, convenient material for a UV film badge dosemeter with measurable sensitivity down to 254 nm [10].

References