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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Gene Review

phm  -  phantom

Drosophila melanogaster

Synonyms: 306a1, CG6578, CYP306A1, CYPCCCVIA1, Cyp306a1, ...
 
 
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High impact information on phm

  • Surprisingly, FM1-43 labeling indicates normal exo- and endocytosis, but a specific inability to mobilize reserve pool vesicles, which is partially rescued by exogenous ATP [1].
  • At Drosophila neuromuscular synapses, there are two distinct SV pools (i.e., the exo/endo cycling pool (ECP), which primarily maintains synaptic transmission, and the reserve pool (RP), which participates in synaptic transmission only during tetanic stimulation) [2].
  • At Drosophila neuromuscular junctions, there are two synaptic vesicle pools, namely the exo/endo cycling pool (ECP) and the reserve pool (RP) [3].
  • The results suggest that vesicles in the exo/endo cycling pool primarily participate in evoked exocytosis of vesicles [4].
  • The optically determined size of exo/endo cycling vesicle pool correlates with the quantal content at the neuromuscular junction of Drosophila larvae [4].
 

Biological context of phm

  • Finally we demonstrate that S2 cells transfected with Cyp306a1 convert ketodiol to ketotriol via carbon 25 hydroxylation [5].
  • Employing similar gene identification and transfection techniques and subsequent biochemical analysis of the expressed enzymatic activity, we report the identity of the Drosophila gene phantom (phm), located at 17D1 of the X chromosome, as encoding the microsomal 25-hydroxylase (Cyp306a1) [6].
 

Associations of phm with chemical compounds

  • We also found that Drosophila Cyp306a1 is disrupted in the phantom (phm) mutant, known also as the Halloween mutant [5].
  • Cyclosporin A increased the total uptake of FM1-43, but neither the size of exo/endo cycling vesicle pool nor the quantal content changed [4].
 

Other interactions of phm

References

  1. Synaptic mitochondria are critical for mobilization of reserve pool vesicles at Drosophila neuromuscular junctions. Verstreken, P., Ly, C.V., Venken, K.J., Koh, T.W., Zhou, Y., Bellen, H.J. Neuron (2005) [Pubmed]
  2. Selective replenishment of two vesicle pools depends on the source of Ca2+ at the Drosophila synapse. Kuromi, H., Kidokoro, Y. Neuron (2002) [Pubmed]
  3. Tetanic stimulation recruits vesicles from reserve pool via a cAMP-mediated process in Drosophila synapses. Kuromi, H., Kidokoro, Y. Neuron (2000) [Pubmed]
  4. The optically determined size of exo/endo cycling vesicle pool correlates with the quantal content at the neuromuscular junction of Drosophila larvae. Kuromi, H., Kidokoro, Y. J. Neurosci. (1999) [Pubmed]
  5. CYP306A1, a cytochrome P450 enzyme, is essential for ecdysteroid biosynthesis in the prothoracic glands of Bombyx and Drosophila. Niwa, R., Matsuda, T., Yoshiyama, T., Namiki, T., Mita, K., Fujimoto, Y., Kataoka, H. J. Biol. Chem. (2004) [Pubmed]
  6. Phantom encodes the 25-hydroxylase of Drosophila melanogaster and Bombyx mori: a P450 enzyme critical in ecdysone biosynthesis. Warren, J.T., Petryk, A., Marqués, G., Parvy, J.P., Shinoda, T., Itoyama, K., Kobayashi, J., Jarcho, M., Li, Y., O'Connor, M.B., Dauphin-Villemant, C., Gilbert, L.I. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. (2004) [Pubmed]
 
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