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Gene Review:

IRS1 - insulin receptor substrate 1

Gallus gallus

Dupont, J. et al., Taouis, M. et al., Dupont, J. et al.

Taouis, Dupont, Gillet, Derouet, Simon,

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Disease relevance of IRS-1

In order to determine if IRS-1 is also essential in a chicken derived hepatoma cell line (LMH cells), IRS-1 gene has been invalidated in these cells [1].
For this, we subcloned chicken IRS-1 gene in an antisense orientation into a mammalian expression vector driven by the cytomegalovirus early promoter [1].

High impact information on IRS-1

Insulin signaling [tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), Src homology and collagen protein (Shc) and phosphatidyl inositol 3'-kinase activity (PI 3'-kinase)] was studied in the liver and thigh muscles of fat (FL) and lean (LL) chickens [2].
In the refed state, the phosphorylation of liver IR and IRS-1 did not differ between genotypes despite significantly lower plasma insulin in FL chickens [2].
In the fed state, tyrosine phosphorylation of liver IR, IRS-1 and Shc action was higher in FL than in LL chickens that in the absence of insulin resistance rely on higher plasma insulin levels [2].
Corticosterone significantly decreased specific insulin binding in liver and the amount of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and p85 (regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3'-kinase) in both tissues [3].
Insulin receptor (IR) and IRS-1 mRNAs generally varied accordingly [3].

Biological context of IRS-1

Insulin receptor substrate 1 antisense expression in an hepatoma cell line reduces cell proliferation and induces overexpression of the Src homology 2 domain and collagen protein (SHC) [1].

Associations of IRS-1 with chemical compounds

In the starved state, phosphorylation of liver IR was lower, but the phosphorylation of IR and IRS-1 were higher in LL than in FL chickens, most likely in response to higher plasma glucose and insulin in the lean genotype [2].
In liver, in the basal state, the tyrosine phosphorylation of IR, IRS-1 and Shc, and the IR-associated PI 3'-kinase activity were largely decreased by corticosterone [3].

Other interactions of IRS-1

In mammalian cells, the insulin receptor substrate 1 protein (IRS-1) is a specific substrate for insulin and IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinases which is involved in mediating metabolic and mitogenic actions of insulin and IGFs [1].

References

Insulin receptor substrate 1 antisense expression in an hepatoma cell line reduces cell proliferation and induces overexpression of the Src homology 2 domain and collagen protein (SHC). Taouis, M., Dupont, J., Gillet, A., Derouet, M., Simon, J. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. (1998) [Pubmed]
Metabolic differences between genetically lean and fat chickens are partly attributed to the alteration of insulin signaling in liver. Dupont, J., Chen, J., Derouet, M., Simon, J., Leclercq, B., Taouis, M. J. Nutr. (1999) [Pubmed]
Corticosterone alters insulin signaling in chicken muscle and liver at different steps. Dupont, J., Derouet, M., Simon, J., Taouis, M. J. Endocrinol. (1999) [Pubmed]

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