High impact information on KIR2DL5A

• Ab-mediated cross-linking of KIR2DL5 inhibits NK cell cytotoxicity against murine FcR(+) P815 cells [1].
• Like other MHC class I receptors, KIR2DL5 is also found in a variable proportion of T lymphocytes [1].
• KIR2DL5 is detected on the cell surface as a monomer of approximately 60 kDa that, upon tyrosine phosphorylation, recruits the Src homology region 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 and, to a lesser extent, Src homology region 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-1 [1].
• KIR2DL5 is thus an inhibitory receptor gathering a combination of genetic, structural, and functional features unique among KIR, which suggests that KIR2DL5 plays a specialized role in innate immunity [1].
• KIR2DL5 can inhibit human NK cell activation via recruitment of Src homology region 2-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP-2) [2].

Biological context of KIR2DL5A

• These results are consistent with a model in which KIR2DL5A and KIR2DL5B are products of a gene duplication, which through the action of subsequent recombination have became separated on some haplotypes [3].
• Comparison of the complete nucleotide sequences of the exons and introns of KIR2DL5.1 and KIR2DL5.2 reveals no structural abnormalities, but similar open reading frames for both variants [4].
• Although the substitutions are not predicted to affect gene expression, transcription of only one of the two KIR2DL5 variants could be detected [5].
• Although having a similar structure overall, the KIR2DL4 and KIR2DL5 receptors have distinctive amino acid sequences in the ligand-binding extracellular domains and differ in the transmembrane and cytoplasmic motifs that determine signal transduction [5].
• The Comorian population consisted of 54 unrelated immigrants living in France and a control population consisted of 38 individuals from Southeast France. We investigated the presence or absence of 15 KIR genes, two pseudogenes expressed and non-expressed forms of KIR2DL5 and the two major subtype full-length and deleted forms of KIR2DS4 [6].

Anatomical context of KIR2DL5A

• One gene, KIR2DL5, is expressed by subpopulations of NK cells and T cells, whereas expression of the other three genes could not be detected [5].
• KIR2DL5, a novel killer-cell receptor with a D0-D2 configuration of Ig-like domains [5].

Other interactions of KIR2DL5A

• KIR2DL5 has two extracellular Ig-like domains of the D0 and D2 type, a structural configuration that was previously unique to KIR2DL4 [5].

References