Disease relevance of TLL1

• METHODS: The TLL Temple Foundation Stroke Project is a prospective observational study of acute stroke management that identified 1,189 validated strokes in nonurban community EDs from February 1998 to March 2000 [1].
• Recent studies on transgenic mice null for tolloid-like 1 (tll1) gene revealed factors possibly involved in signaling pathways that, when absent, might affect heart development and cause problems mimicking those observed in atrial septal defects (ASDs) [2].

High impact information on TLL1

• Eleven TLL single-cysteine mutants, each with the mutation positioned at the surface of the enzyme, were selectively spin labeled with the nitroxide reagent (1-oxyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-Delta(3)-pyrroline-3-methyl) methanethiosulfonate [3].
• The bone morphogenetic protein-1/tolloid-like astacins were represented in all eumetazoan phyla studied [4].
• Finally, prenatal stress leads to a decrease in Tll-1 mRNA expression in the hippocampus of adult female mice that is not observed in adult male mice indicating that Tll-1 expression is differentially regulated in males and females [5].
• Lack of activity of this metalloprotease caused incomplete closure of the septum in murine fetal hearts and led to death in mid-gestation due to severe circulation problems. tll1 gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 4 (4q32-q33) [2].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of TLL1

• The orientation of TLL with respect to the lipid membrane was investigated using a water-soluble spin relaxation agent, chromium(III) oxalate (Crox), and a recently developed ESR relaxation technique [Lin, Y., et al. (1998) Science 279, 1925-1929], here modified to low microwave amplitude (<0.36 G) [3].

References