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Gene Review:

AHP1 - histidine-containing phosphotransmitter 1

Arabidopsis thaliana

Suzuki, T. et al., Rashotte, A.M. et al., Suzuki, T. et al., Aoyama, T. et al., Imamura, A. et al., et al.

Aoyama, Oka,

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Disease relevance of AHP1

Both in vivo and in vitro evidence that each AHP can function as a phospho-transmitting HPt domain with an active histidine site was obtained by employing both the Escherichia coli and yeast His-Asp phosphorelay systems [1].

High impact information on AHP1

In Arabidopsis, this pathway is comprised of receptors that are similar to sensor histidine kinases, histidine-containing phosphotransfer proteins, and response regulators (ARRs) [2].
In addition to their transcriptional regulation by cytokinin, the CRF proteins rapidly accumulate in the nucleus in response to cytokinin, and this relocalization depends on the histidine kinases and the downstream histidine-containing phosphotransfer proteins, but is independent of the ARRs [2].
The putative translated product of ZmHP2 showed similarity to that of HPt domains from Arabidopsis thaliana (AHP1-AHP3: 44 to 47% identity) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Ypdlp: 24% identity) [3].
In vitro, ARR11 showed the ability to acquire a phosphoryl group from a histidine-containing phosphotransfer intermediate (AHP), and also it showed the ability to recognize a specific nucleotide sequence, GGATT [4].
Although some previous in vitro results from studies on Arabidopsis AHPs (AHP1 to AHP5) supported this hypothesis, it has not yet been proven [5].

Biological context of AHP1

An Arabidopsis histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) factor implicated in phosphorelay signal transduction: overexpression of AHP2 in plants results in hypersensitiveness to cytokinin [5].
The signal is then transferred via histidine-containing phosphotransfer factors, AHPs, to transcription-factor-type response regulators, such as ARR1, which execute the signal-dependent transactivation of primary cytokinin-responsive genes, including those for other types of response regulator [6].

Associations of AHP1 with chemical compounds

His to Asp phosphorelay signal transduction mechanisms involve three types of widespread signaling components: a sensor His-kinase, a response regulator, and a histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) domain [1].

Other interactions of AHP1

Here we attempted to isolate a factor or factors that interact with AHP1, AHP2 and AHP3 by means of a yeast two-hybrid system [7].

Analytical, diagnostic and therapeutic context of AHP1

Here we identify three distinct Arabidopsis genes (AHP1 to AHP3), each encoding a signal transducer containing a HPt domain [1].

References

Histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) signal transducers implicated in His-to-Asp phosphorelay in Arabidopsis. Suzuki, T., Imamura, A., Ueguchi, C., Mizuno, T. Plant Cell Physiol. (1998) [Pubmed]
A subset of Arabidopsis AP2 transcription factors mediates cytokinin responses in concert with a two-component pathway. Rashotte, A.M., Mason, M.G., Hutchison, C.E., Ferreira, F.J., Schaller, G.E., Kieber, J.J. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2006) [Pubmed]
His-Asp phosphotransfer possibly involved in the nitrogen signal transduction mediated by cytokinin in maize: molecular cloning of cDNAs for two-component regulatory factors and demonstration of phosphotransfer activity in vitro. Sakakibara, H., Hayakawa, A., Deji, A., Gawronski, S.W., Sugiyama, T. Plant Mol. Biol. (1999) [Pubmed]
In vivo and in vitro characterization of the ARR11 response regulator implicated in the His-to-Asp phosphorelay signal transduction in Arabidopsis thaliana. Imamura, A., Kiba, T., Tajima, Y., Yamashino, T., Mizuno, T. Plant Cell Physiol. (2003) [Pubmed]
An Arabidopsis histidine-containing phosphotransfer (HPt) factor implicated in phosphorelay signal transduction: overexpression of AHP2 in plants results in hypersensitiveness to cytokinin. Suzuki, T., Ishikawa, K., Yamashino, T., Mizuno, T. Plant Cell Physiol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Cytokinin signal transduction in plant cells. Aoyama, T., Oka, A. J. Plant Res. (2003) [Pubmed]
Two types of putative nuclear factors that physically interact with histidine-containing phosphotransfer (Hpt) domains, signaling mediators in His-to-Asp phosphorelay, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Suzuki, T., Sakurai, K., Ueguchi, C., Mizuno, T. Plant Cell Physiol. (2001) [Pubmed]

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