The world's first wiki where authorship really matters (Nature Genetics, 2008). Due credit and reputation for authors. Imagine a global collaborative knowledge base for original thoughts. Search thousands of articles and collaborate with scientists around the globe.

wikigene or wiki gene protein drug chemical gene disease author authorship tracking collaborative publishing evolutionary knowledge reputation system wiki2.0 global collaboration genes proteins drugs chemicals diseases compound
Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

Links

 

Gene Review

psbD  -  photosystem II protein D2

Arabidopsis thaliana

 
 
Welcome! If you are familiar with the subject of this article, you can contribute to this open access knowledge base by deleting incorrect information, restructuring or completely rewriting any text. Read more.
 

Disease relevance of psbD

  • Expression of a higher-plant chloroplast psbD promoter in a cyanobacterium (Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942) reveals a conserved cis-element, designated PGT, that differentially interacts with sequence-specific binding factors during leaf development [1].
  • The recombinant SIG2 protein mixed with Escherichia coli core RNA polymerase could bind to a DNA fragment that contains the SIG2-dependent psbD -256, trnE-UUC or trnV-UAC promoter [2].
 

High impact information on psbD

  • The reaction center core of photosystem II is composed of two chlorophyll binding proteins, D1 and D2, that are encoded by the chloroplast genes psbA and psbD [3].
  • Therefore, cry1/cry2/phyA-mediated blue light activation of the psbD light-responsive promoter in 21-day-old Arabidopsis plants does not involve hy5, a transcription factor that mediates other phyA and blue light-induced responses [3].
  • In this study, light-activated chloroplast and psbD transcription were studied after dark adaptation of 21-day-old light-grown Arabidopsis plants [3].
  • The plastid psbD gene encoding the photosystem II reaction center protein D2 is under the control of a unique blue light responsive promoter (BLRP) that is transcribed by a bacterial-type plastid RNA polymerase (PEP) [4].
  • Furthermore, transient overexpression of AtSig5 in dark-adapted protoplasts specifically elevated psbD and psbA transcription activities [4].
 

Biological context of psbD

  • In the chloroplast psbD light-responsive promoter (LRP), a highly conserved sequence exists upstream from the bacterial -10/-35 elements [5].
  • Using yeast one-hybrid screening of an Arabidopsis cDNA library, a possible DNA binding protein of the psbD LRP upstream sequence was identified [5].
  • On the other hand, overproduction of AtSig2 enhanced the transcription of psbA gene and trnE operon, but not psbD transcription [4].
  • Interestingly, transcription from the psbD blue light-responsive promoter (psbD-BLRP) was activated by not only light but also various stresses, and the transcription and the transcriptional activation of psbD-BLRP were abolished in a sig5-2 mutant [6].
  • Nucleotide sequences within this region are conserved among the psbD genes of several monocots and dicots, and with the nuclear negative regulatory element GT [1].
 

Regulatory relationships of psbD

  • A model is proposed involving blue light, DET1 and phytochrome in regulating transcription from the psbD BLRP [7].
 

Other interactions of psbD

  • These results suggest that PTF1 is a trans-acting factor of the psbD LRP [5].
  • Transcription from the Arabidopsis psbD promoter was 3-fold higher in blue relative to red light, whereas red and blue light affected total chloroplast, rbcL, and 16S rDNA transcription similarly [8].
  • It has recently been shown in barley seedlings that activation of psbD-psbC transcription by blue light involves inhibition of a protein kinase that represses the BLRP in the dark [7].
  • A T-DNA insertional mutant with reduced AtSIG5 expression resulted in loss of primary transcripts from the psbD BLRP [4].
  • The lack of destabilization of a second chloroplast encoded transcript, psbD, indicates that the phot1/B-high-fluence system does not result in a general destabilization of all chloroplast transcripts [9].

References

  1. Expression of a higher-plant chloroplast psbD promoter in a cyanobacterium (Synechococcus sp. strain PCC7942) reveals a conserved cis-element, designated PGT, that differentially interacts with sequence-specific binding factors during leaf development. Christopher, D.A., Shen, Y., Dudley, P., Tsinoremas, N.F. Curr. Genet. (1999) [Pubmed]
  2. Molecular genetic analysis of chloroplast gene promoters dependent on SIG2, a nucleus-encoded sigma factor for the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Hanaoka, M., Kanamaru, K., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, K. Nucleic Acids Res. (2003) [Pubmed]
  3. Cryptochrome 1, cryptochrome 2, and phytochrome a co-activate the chloroplast psbD blue light-responsive promoter. Thum, K.E., Kim, M., Christopher, D.A., Mullet, J.E. Plant Cell (2001) [Pubmed]
  4. Blue light-induced transcription of plastid-encoded psbD gene is mediated by a nuclear-encoded transcription initiation factor, AtSig5. Tsunoyama, Y., Ishizaki, Y., Morikawa, K., Kobori, M., Nakahira, Y., Takeba, G., Toyoshima, Y., Shiina, T. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (2004) [Pubmed]
  5. Involvement of a nuclear-encoded basic helix-loop-helix protein in transcription of the light-responsive promoter of psbD. Baba, K., Nakano, T., Yamagishi, K., Yoshida, S. Plant Physiol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  6. The multiple-stress responsive plastid sigma factor, SIG5, directs activation of the psbD blue light-responsive promoter (BLRP) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nagashima, A., Hanaoka, M., Shikanai, T., Fujiwara, M., Kanamaru, K., Takahashi, H., Tanaka, K. Plant Cell Physiol. (2004) [Pubmed]
  7. DET1 represses a chloroplast blue light-responsive promoter in a developmental and tissue-specific manner in Arabidopsis thaliana. Christopher, D.A., Hoffer, P.H. Plant J. (1998) [Pubmed]
  8. Structure and blue-light-responsive transcription of a chloroplast psbD promoter from Arabidopsis thaliana. Hoffer, P.H., Christopher, D.A. Plant Physiol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  9. Phototropin 1 is required for high-fluence blue-light-mediated mRNA destabilization. Folta, K.M., Kaufman, L.S. Plant Mol. Biol. (2003) [Pubmed]
 
WikiGenes - Universities