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Gene Review:

prpC - 2-methylcitrate synthase

Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655

Synonyms: ECK0330, JW0324, yahS, yzzD

Gerike, U. et al., Claes, W.A. et al., Brämer, C.O. et al.

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Disease relevance of prpC

Burkholderia sacchari IPT101(T) induced the formation of 2-methylcitrate synthase and 2-methylisocitrate lyase when it was cultivated in the presence of propionic acid [1].
The citrate synthases of the psychrotolerant eubacterium DS2-3R, and of the thermophilic archaea Thermoplasma acidophilum and Pyrococcus furiosus, are approximately 40% identical in sequence to the Escherichia coli 2-methylcitrate synthase and also possess 2-methylcitrate synthase activity [2].

High impact information on prpC

Compared to growth on acetate, the specific 2-methylcitrate synthase activity increased about 50-fold when propionate was provided as the sole carbon source, suggesting that in C. glutamicum the oxidation of propionate to pyruvate occurred via the 2-methylcitrate pathway [3].
Following the complete sequencing of the Escherichia coli genome, it has been shown that the proposed second citrate synthase of this organism, recently described by the authors, is in fact a 2-methylcitrate synthase that possesses citrate synthase activity as a minor component [2].
Whereas the hexameric citrate synthase is constitutively produced, the 2-methylcitrate synthase is induced during growth on propionate, and the catabolism of propionate to succinate and pyruvate via 2-methylcitrate is proposed [2].

References

Identification of the 2-methylcitrate pathway involved in the catabolism of propionate in the polyhydroxyalkanoate-producing strain Burkholderia sacchari IPT101(T) and analysis of a mutant accumulating a copolyester with higher 3-hydroxyvalerate content. Brämer, C.O., Silva, L.F., Gomez, J.G., Priefert, H., Steinbüchel, A. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. (2002) [Pubmed]
Citrate synthase and 2-methylcitrate synthase: structural, functional and evolutionary relationships. Gerike, U., Hough, D.W., Russell, N.J., Dyall-Smith, M.L., Danson, M.J. Microbiology (Reading, Engl.) (1998) [Pubmed]
Identification of two prpDBC gene clusters in Corynebacterium glutamicum and their involvement in propionate degradation via the 2-methylcitrate cycle. Claes, W.A., Pühler, A., Kalinowski, J. J. Bacteriol. (2002) [Pubmed]

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