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Gene Review

glnN  -  glutamate--ammonia ligase

Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

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Disease relevance of glnN

  • The altered steady-state expression levels of glnA, glnN, amt1, gifA and gifB in the PII-deficient mutant suggested that Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 has a mechanism for regulation of the subset of the NtcA-regulated genes related directly to ammonium assimilation [1].
  • A new type of glutamine synthetase in cyanobacteria: the protein encoded by the glnN gene supports nitrogen assimilation in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 [2].
  • The glnN product is similar to the GS subunits of Bacteroides fragilis and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, two obligate anaerobic bacteria whose GSs are markedly different from other prokaryotic and eukaryotic GSs [2].
  • The glnN gene has been expressed in Escherichia coli and the corresponding protein purified almost to homogeneity (92%) [3].
 

High impact information on glnN

  • Pseudanabaena glnN gene expression and GSIII activity were upregulated under nitrogen starvation or using nitrate as a nitrogen source, while low levels of transcript and activity were found in ammonium-containing medium [4].
  • The expression of glnN, encoding a type III glutamine synthetase, was impaired in strains bearing an inactivated copy of the rpoD2-V gene [5].
  • In the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 we have previously reported the presence of two different proteins with glutamine synthetase activity: GSI, encoded by the glnA gene, and GSIII, encoded by the glnN gene [6].
  • Primer extension also revealed the existence of a sequence related to the NtcA binding site upstream from the glnN promoter [6].
  • In the current work, the regulation of the nitrate assimilation system was studied with a glnA-disrupted Synechocystis mutant (strain SJCR3) in which the only GS activity is that corresponding to the glnN product [7].
 

Chemical compound and disease context of glnN

  • Transcription of glutamine synthetase genes (glnA and glnN) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 is differently regulated in response to nitrogen availability [6].

References

  1. Effects of PII deficiency on expression of the genes involved in ammonium utilization in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803. Takatani, N., Omata, T. Plant Cell Physiol. (2006) [Pubmed]
  2. A new type of glutamine synthetase in cyanobacteria: the protein encoded by the glnN gene supports nitrogen assimilation in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Reyes, J.C., Florencio, F.J. J. Bacteriol. (1994) [Pubmed]
  3. Purification and characterization of a new type of glutamine synthetase from cyanobacteria. García-Domínguez, M., Reyes, J.C., Florencio, F.J. Eur. J. Biochem. (1997) [Pubmed]
  4. Nitrogen control of the glnN gene that codes for GS type III, the only glutamine synthetase in the cyanobacterium Pseudanabaena sp. PCC 6903. Crespo, J.L., García-Domínguez, M., Florencio, F.J. Mol. Microbiol. (1998) [Pubmed]
  5. Nitrogen-regulated group 2 sigma factor from Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 involved in survival under nitrogen stress. Muro-Pastor, A.M., Herrero, A., Flores, E. J. Bacteriol. (2001) [Pubmed]
  6. Transcription of glutamine synthetase genes (glnA and glnN) from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 is differently regulated in response to nitrogen availability. Reyes, J.C., Muro-Pastor, M.I., Florencio, F.J. J. Bacteriol. (1997) [Pubmed]
  7. A mutant lacking the glutamine synthetase gene (glnA) is impaired in the regulation of the nitrate assimilation system in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803. Reyes, J.C., Florencio, F.J. J. Bacteriol. (1994) [Pubmed]
 
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