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Hoffmann, R. A wiki for the life sciences where authorship matters. Nature Genetics (2008)
 

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Immune restoration by combination of a cytostatic drug (hydroxyurea) and anti-HIV drugs (didanosine and indinavir).

Cell activation is essential for HIV infection. CD4+ T lymphocyte activation allows virus replication and CD8+ T lymphocyte activation may contribute to pathogenesis. We combined hydroxyurea, a cytostatic drug that inhibits cell activation and proliferation, with two drugs that inhibit HIV (didanosine and indinavir), to block the "cell activation-virus production-pathogenesis" cycle. HIV was strongly suppressed in treated patients, and the average CD4 count increased to 224/mm3. Compared with a matched group of patients who had declined antiretroviral treatment, treated patients had a significantly lower proportion of activated CD8+ T lymphocytes and a significantly higher number of naive CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes. The proliferative responses to allogeneic and influenza virus antigens were increased in treated patients, and a defect in CD3-zeta expression, the signaling chain of the T cell receptor complex, was reversed. The use of a cytostatic drug was not detrimental to the immune system; on the contrary, the combination of antiviral and cytostatic treatment improved all of the immune parameters tested.[1]

References

  1. Immune restoration by combination of a cytostatic drug (hydroxyurea) and anti-HIV drugs (didanosine and indinavir). Lori, F., Jessen, H., Lieberman, J., Clerici, M., Tinelli, C., Lisziewicz, J. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses (1999) [Pubmed]
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